bivalves Flashcards by Zena Outram

are bivalves geologically widespread?

yes

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bivalve PHYLUM

MOLLUSCA

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bivalve CLASS

bivalvia

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do bivalves live in fresh or marine water

both

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egs of modern bivalves

cockles 
clams 
scallops 
razor shells
muscles

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what is the most distinctive feature of a bivalve

equal sized shells

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bivalve shell?

calcareous shell

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is it symetrical

yes - equivalve

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what is the umbo on a bivalve

area of most curvature marking point of first growth

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what is the socket of a bivalve

depression which fits over cardinal teeth in the right valve

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what are bivalve cardinal teeth

raised area which fits into sockets on right valve

this allows articulation of the valves

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what does inequivalve mean

different sized valves

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what is bivalve ligament

helps hold shell together

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what are bivalve pallial sinus

indentation in pallial line

present only in genera with retractable siphons

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what is the pallial line bivalve

marks the limit of attachment of the soft tissue

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what is bivalve hinge line

plane of symmetry where two valves are joined together

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what is bivalve commisure

line where 2 valves meet

what is inside a bivalve

mantle

what is the mantle (bivalve)

soft tissue inside the bivalve where shell is secreted

what is bivalve modes of life

benthonic vagrant

how do bivalves feed

they feed using siphons which extend towards the edge of the shell

what are the 2 types of siphons (bivalves)

inhalent or exhalent

what are inhalent siphons(bivalves)

brings in fresh water

what are exhalent siphons (bivalves)

removes waste water

how does bivalve open/close

adductor muscles contract to close shell

what is a muscle scar

where the muscles are attached

how do (vagrant) bivalves move

using a muscular foot

what is the mytilus type (Bivalve)

bysally attached

what is the bysuss (bivalve)

thread like structure that attaches bivalve to the substrate

what is mytillus (bivalve)

common muscle

how does (bivalve) byssus indicate environment and mode of life

strong and flexble byssus = high energy environment (littoral zone)

how does (bivalve) shell covered in periostractum indicate environment and mode of life

protect shell from acidic rainwater or river water

how does bivalve STRONG SHELL indicate environment and mode of life

prevent breakage i high energy environment

how does bivalve streamlined and unornamented shells indicate environment and mode of life

no sharp edge to damage itself or others in colony | protection against strong currents

how do large bivalve adductor muscles indicate environment and mode of life

hold valves tight together so they dont dry out at low tide - tidal environment

what is the ostrea type (bivalve)

cemented to substrate

what is ostrea

common oyster

where does cement in ostrea bivalve come from

secreted from mantle

what shape is ostrea

take on the shape of the hard substrate

which valve is bigger in ostrea (bivalve)

left valve

what is gryphaea bivalve

ancient free lying bivalve

which valve is bigger on gryphaea

left - convex and much larger to balance on soft substrate | curved to keep opening above sediment