Biting midges - Culicoides spp

Question 1

What are some morphologic features of biting midges (Culicoides)?

Answer 1

• 1.5-5mm long
• thorax humped over small head
• mottled wings, and are folded over their back
• prominent antennae

Question 2

Where are biting midges (Culicoides) eggs laid?

Answer 2

• laid in damp marshy groud or decaying vegetation near water
• eggs may over winter
• L1-L4 in water

Question 3

What is the pathological significance of biting midges (Culicoides)?

Answer 3

• transmit:
  
  • parasites (causing ureitis, dermatitis)
  • viruses - African horse sickness, Blue tongue virus, Schmallenberg virus
• Sweet itch in horses and donkeys

Question 4

What are some control methods for biting midges (Culicoides)?

Answer 4

• midge eater machines
• animals housed during flies most active periods (late afternoon through early morning)
• repellents, screens
• difficult to due extensive breeding habitat