Bismarck: Master Planner?

Question 1

Bismarck as a Master Planner

Answer 1

• Bismarck allegedly was quoted saying ‘I will take the first opportunity to declare war with Austria’ in 1862
• Bismarck may have given more lenient terms after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 deliberately as it prevented an alliance with France and helped his next move
• The secret treaty signed in 1866 with the southern states that ensured their military support was part of his plan to engage in war with France and have the back-up he needed

Question 2

Bismarck having a vague plan/taking opportunities

Answer 2

• Between 1866-70, Bismarck may have been keeping his options open and waiting for events to develop in a way he could exploit
• The Hohenzollern Candidature was unexpected and yet Bismarck used it to encourage a war with France
• When Leopold refused the Spanish throne, Prussia was left somewhat humiliated which Bismarck certainly did not plan
• Bismarck edited William I’s refusal to not renew the Candidature to sound humiliating to provoke France (Ems Telegram 180)
• Prussia’s financial and military strength compared to Austria and France made their victories almost inevitable