Birth Injuries

Question 1

What is Caput Succedaneum?

Answer 1

• Caput Succedaneum involves fluid (oedema) collecting on the scalp, outside the periosteum
• Caput is caused by specific pressure to the scalp from a prolonged or instrumental delivery
• The fluid is able to pass the suture lines
• This will resolve within a few days

Question 2

What is a Cephalohaematoma?

Answer 2

• A cephalohaematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the periosteum
• Damage is caused to the blood vessels during a traumatic/ prolonged delivery
• It is described as a traumatic subperiosteal haematoma
• Does not cross the suture lines and can cause discolouration of the skin
• Usually, a cephalohaematoma does not require any intervention and resolves without treatment
• be aware for risks of anaemia and jaundice

Question 3

What is Facial Paralysis?

Answer 3

• With Forceps Delivery the facial nerve can be damaged, this can result in facial palsy
• Function normally returns within a few months

Question 4

What is Erbs Palsy?

Answer 4

• an injury to the C5/ C6 nerves in the brachial plexus during birth
• it is associated with shoulder dystocia which is a traumatic/ instrumental delivery and large birth weight
• Results in internally rotated shoulder
• extended elbow
• flexed wrist pronated
• lack of movement in the affected arm

Question 5

What is a Fractured Clavicle?

Answer 5

• Clavicle may be fractured during birth.
• Fractured clavicle may be picked up with: - Noticeable lack of movement, Asymmetry of the shoulders, pain and distress on the movement of the arm
• Fractured Clavicle can be confirmed with USS or X-ray
• Management is conservative