Biotyping Based on Fermentation Lab 16

Question 1

What are the reactants and products of Glycolysis

Answer 1

Reactant: 1 glucose
products:2 pyruvate

Question 2

Describe the characteristics of Glycolysis

Answer 2

• anaerobic:does not need 02

- the energy released allows the cell to make 2 ATP

Question 3

What is vital for cell to continue doing Gylcolysis

Answer 3

-2 NAD+ is vital

no NAD+=no ATP yielded

Question 4

What does fermentation metabolism do?

Answer 4

• regenerates NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue without O2
• converts NADH back into NAD+ by transferring electrons onto an organic molecule

Question 5

What are the products of fermentation metabolism? What can they be used for?

Answer 5

-acids, gases, alcohols; can be sometimes used as building blocks, but are usually just waste products

Question 6

What is the relationship between glycolysis and fermentation metabolism?

Answer 6

Fermentation metabolism regenerates NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue without O2

Question 7

Explain what happens in Aerobic cell respiration that fermentation cannot do

Answer 7

• In aerobic cell resp, energy can be extracted from NADH and pyruvate
• pyruvate is further oxidized CO2, creating more electron carriers NADH and FADH2

Question 8

What does the electron transport chain do?

Answer 8

• oxidizes electron carriers back to NAD+ and FAD, allowing cell respiration reactions and glycolysis to continue
• transfers electrons to O2 and becomes H20

Question 9

What happens as electrons move though the electron transport chain, and type of energy is produced?

Answer 9

• Hydrogen ions are pumped out of the bacterial cell
• this creates a high concentration of protons/positive charges outside of the cell which creates the proton motive force.

Question 10

What is mineral oil used for in the OF glucose test?

Answer 10

-Mineral oil prevents the addition of O2

Question 11

What does the OF glucose test for?

Answer 11

-is bacterial ferments glucose and peptone

Question 12

What does the OF glucose test for?

Answer 12

-if bacterial specimen ferments glucose and peptone

Question 13

What do the results of the OF glucose test indicate?

Answer 13

yellow=bacteria fermented the glucose into acids/cell resp

blue=deamination of amino acids (peptone),ammonia raises ph

Question 14

What does the methyl red test for?

Answer 14

-tests for mixed acid fermentation; lactate, acetate, formate

Question 15

How does the methyl red test indicate for a positive test for mixed acid? How long does it take to see results?

Answer 15

• turns red

- can see results immediately

Question 16

What does the VP test for?

Answer 16

-butanediol fermentation

Question 17

How does a VP test indicate a positive result of butanediol fermentation? What reacts with the VP reagents for this to be produced?

Answer 17

-produces a red color; acetoin is reacted with

Question 18

What does the citrate utilization test for?

Answer 18

• if an organism can import citrate into their cells using citrate permease
• these cells can use citrate as their sole course of energy/building blocks

Question 19

What do the results in a citrate utilization test show?

Answer 19

• Blue= positive

- green= negative