biotechnology and principles Flashcards
who and in which bacterium he observed restriction enzymes and what are their properties and what is ;eft
boyer , e coli , cut dna starnds in particular fashion and stciky ends
what stanely cohen has been studying and what are the characterstics
small ringlets of dna called plasmids - free in cyto
indenpendent relicaants
plasmids
what cohely did to plasmit
removing plasmid and inserting in other cells
combining insertion with ______ enabled to recombine segements off dna insert dna in bacterial cells which used for manufacturing of ____
dna splicing and proteins
biot deals with techniques of using ______ and their ____ to produce products
live organisms and enzymes
can microbe mediated considered as biot
yes
what are used to produce in larger scale
gmo
biotechnology included
invitro
synthesisi a gene and coorecting a def gene
dna vaccine
efb comprises both
trad and modern molecular biotechnology
efb def
integration of natural and molecular analogues for products
what are the core techniques gave birth to modern biot
genetic and bioporcess engineering
what is genetic e
alter genetic material and insert into host to change its phenotye
maintenance of ____ in chem engineering to enable growth of only _____/___
sterile . desired microbe/eu cell
biop en examples
antibiotics , vaccines and enzymes
which preserves the genetic info and which permits variation
asex and sex
which technique produces both und and des genes
traditional
what are used to intro only des genes into target organisms
recombinant dna
gene cloning
gene transfer
when the alien dna multiplies
when it integrates with chromosome ( ability to replicate)
what is ori and where it is found
origin of replication is responsible for initiate relication and it is a specific dna sequence in chromosome
what is cloning
making identical copes of multiple dna templates
The construction of the first Recombinant DNA emergent fromh possibility of linking a gene encoding _______ with a native _____ of _______
antibiotic resistance , plasmid of salmonellla typhimuruim
when did cohen and boyer accomplished by isolating antibiotic resitstance gene by cutting a piece of dna from plasmid
1972 which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance
cutting of dna at specific location becames possible with
molecular scissors called restriction enzymes
____ acts a vector to transfer alien dna
plasmid
linking of antibiotic resistance gene with plasmid vector
dna ligase
dna ligase make a new combination of
circular autonomous replicating dna - rcombinant dna - in vitro
in which recombinant dna is transferd into
ecoli - dna polymerase
what are 3 steps in gmo
- identify
2.intro
maintenece in host dna and transfer of dna
dna recombination can be possible only if we hv
rstriction enzyme , ligase , plasmid , polymerase enzyme and host
in which year enzymers were isolated what r thy what they do
1963 in coli , restricting the growth of bacteriophage
2 enzyme role
1 added mthyl group to dna and other cut dna(rest endonuclease)
hind 11 functioning depends on
specific nucleotide sequence was isolated aftr 5 years
hind 11 cuts at specific sequnce containg ___ pairs
six bas pairs – ss recognition sequence for hind 11
how many restriction enzymes have been knwn
more 900 from 230 strains of bacteria
EcoRI
ecoli - first 2 letters genus , species R -name of strain I-order in which the enzyme isolated
restriction enzymes class and this class divides
nuclease into endonuclease exonuclease
exonuclease rmoves
nuclotides from end of DNA
endonuclease
cuts at s position
each rendonuclease functions by inspecting
length of dna sequence and cuts one of the strands in s position in their ugar phophate backbone
each restriction endonuclease recognises a s position in dna
palindromic nucleotide
