BIOTECHNOLOGY

Question 1

Molecular biology lab procedure that is used to synthesize many copies of a desired fragment of DNA

Answer 1

POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Question 2

detects DNA

Answer 2

SOUTHERN BLOT

Question 3

detects mRNA

Answer 3

NORTHERN BLOT

Question 4

detects protein

Answer 4

WESTERN BLOT

Question 5

A rapid immunologic technique testing for antigen-antibody reactivity

Answer 5

ELISA

Question 6

• Fluorescent probe binds to specific gene site of interest
• Specific localization of genes and direct visualization of anomalies (e.g., microdeletions) at molecular level

Answer 6

FISH

• Fluorescence in situ hybridization

Question 7

• Inherited difference in the pattern of restriction
• Important in understanding various single-gene and multigenic diseases
• Useful as a diagnostic tool for diseases involving single-base changes, or deletions/insertions of DNA into a restricition fragment

Answer 7

RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM

Question 8

• A sequence of duplex DNA that is the same when the two strands are read in opposite directions
• Example:

5’-AGATCT-3’ 3’-TCTAGA-5

Answer 8

PALINDROME

Question 9

• Small, circular, duplex DNA molecules whose natural function is to confer antibiotic resistance to the host cell

Answer 9

PLASMIDS

Question 10

• Hallmark of a bacterial defense system that forms the basis for genome editing technology
• Can be programmed to target specific stretches of genetic code and to edit DNA at precise locations
• With these systems, researchers can permanently modify genes in living cells and organisms and, in the future, may make it possible to correct mutations at precise locations in the human genome in order to treat genetic causes of disease.

Answer 10

CRISPR

• Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats