Biotechnology

Question 0

Restriction Enzymes

Answer 0

enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences

used to insert/remove DNA sequences from plasmid or chromosome

Question 1

Gel electrophoresis

Answer 1

Separates the DNA fragments based on size electrical energy pulls DNA molecules through a gel at different speeds
More similar bands means more similar organisms

Question 2

Sticky ends

Answer 2

Ends with cut off nucleotide bases that can be attached to other nucleotide bases

Question 3

Plasmid

Answer 3

Tiny bacterial chromosome with nonessential genes
Ways to enter prokaryote
conjugation transfers plasmid DNA
transformation by environmental DNA
transduction of phage DNA into chromosomes or plasmid

Question 4

Vector

Answer 4

A genetic elements (plasmid or bacteriophage) stores and delivers clone DNA

Question 5

Recombinant plasmid

Answer 5

Common vector forgetting DNA into prokaryote used to insert DNA into bacteria

Question 6

PCR

Answer 6

Copies DNA
DNA polymerase exponentially replicates a target sequence
1. Denaturation- unzip DS DNA
2. Annealing Isolate target region of Genomic DNA with two primers that bookend the target region
3. Extension- taq polymerase build on in 5’ direction

Question 7

Primers

Answer 7

Match 20-30 unique base pair regions that bookend target

Question 8

Gene splicing

Answer 8

A post transcriptional modification in which a single gene can code for multiple proteins genes splicing is done and eukaryotes before mRNA

Question 9

GMO

Answer 9

Genetically modified organism

Transgenic organism

Question 10

Recombinant DNA

Answer 10

rDNA

DNA molecules formed by lavatory methods of genetic recombination