Biotechnology

Question 1

Polymerase Chain Reaction(PMR)

Answer 1

A way of producing millions to billions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in just a few hours

Question 2

Steps to (PMR)

Answer 2

1. Separating- The Original DNA Strands
2. Binding- Primers to each template strand
3. Copying- The nucleotide sequence by adding nucleotide to template strand

Question 3

Restriction Enzyme

Answer 3

A protein that cuts the DNA at specific DNA fragments

Question 4

Gel Electrophoresis

Answer 4

A process that uses an electrical current to separate DNA fragments.

Question 5

DNA Fingerprinting

Answer 5

A picture of the result from Gel Electrophoresis that identifies a person at the molecular level

Question 6

Cloning

Answer 6

The process of creating a genetically identical copy of a gene or an organism

Question 7

Steps to Cloning

Answer 7

1. Remove diploid to haploid
2. Insert Diploid nucleus into the egg cell
3. Stimulate the egg cell with diploid nucleus to divide mitosis
4. At the embryo stage it is placed into the surrogate mother
5. A baby is born that looks like the original parent

Question 8

Advantages to Cloning

Answer 8

1. Increased food supply
2. Saving endangered species
3. Advance scientific discovery

Question 9

Disadvantages to cloning

Answer 9

1.Success rate in mammals is low
2.Reduces Biodiversity 3.Expensive

Question 10

Genetic Engineering

Answer 10

A technology that allows the DNA of a living cell to be modified

Question 11

Recombination DNA

Answer 11

DNA that contains genes from two or more organisms

Question 12

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

Answer 12

Organism that contain recombination DNA to provide a desired trait

Question 13

Advantages to GMO’s

Answer 13

1. Animals grow faster and larger
2. Crops grow more efficiently and have a longer shelf life
3. Disease and drought resistant

Question 14

Disadvantages of GMO’s

Answer 14

1. Little research has a long-term effect on health, but all research shows so far that there is no effect
2. Introducing genetically altered bacteria to the environment with unknown consequence

Question 15

Gene Knockout

Answer 15

A process that disrupts or turns off a gene ( when we do this, it gives us clues about the gene)

Question 16

Gene Therapy

Answer 16

A technology that replaces a defective or missing gene to treat a disease, like cystic fibrosis

Question 17

Ethics

Answer 17

A system of moral principals that influence how we live