Biotechnology

Question 1

4. 1.19 Describe the process of making recombinant DNA
   a) Isolation of DNA, cutting of DNA (restriction enzymes)
   b) Insertion of DNA fragment (plasmid vector)
   c) Joining of DNA (DNA ligase)
   d) Amplification of recombinant DNA (bacterial transformation)

Describe isolating DNA.

Answer 1

Biotechnology experiments must isolate DNA from cells. For example, DNA is released from cheek cells by breaking down cellular and nuclear membranes in a process called lysis. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences in the DNA. Often this leaves an overhanging end where one strand is longer than the other. The two matches overhanging ends of DNA can be rejoined using DNA ligase.

Question 2

4. 1.19 Describe the process of making recombinant DNA
   a) Isolation of DNA, cutting of DNA (restriction enzymes)
   b) Insertion of DNA fragment (plasmid vector)
   c) Joining of DNA (DNA ligase)
   d) Amplification of recombinant DNA (bacterial transformation)

Describe insertion of DNA fragment (plasmid vector) .