Biotechnology Flashcards
1
Q
What is biotechnology
A
-the industrial use of living organisms to produce food, drugs etc
2
Q
why are microorganisms used
A
- ideal growth conditions can be easily created
- shirt life cycle
- they can be grown on inexpensive materials
- grown at any time of the year
3
Q
Making beer
A
- yeast is added to a grain
- respires anaerobic ally using glucose and produces ethanol and CO2
- this process is called fermentation
4
Q
Baking
A
- yeast is also used to make bread rise
- the CO2 produced from fermentation is so the dough doesn’t stay flat
5
Q
Cheese making
A
- lactic acidosis bacteria
- convert the lactose in milk into lactic acid
6
Q
Pros of using microorganisms in food production
A
- can be grown quickly
- cost is low
- simple growth requirements
- healthier alternative
7
Q
Cons of using microorganisms to produce food
A
- people not liking the idea of food from waste
- health problems
- contamination of of unwanted bacteria
8
Q
What are the two methods for culturing microorganisms
A
- batch fermentation ( grown in individual batches in a fermentation vessel )
- continuous fermentation ( continuously grown in a fermentation vessel without stopping )
9
Q
What are the stages of a standard growth curve in closed culture
A
- lag phase, the population size increases slowly
- exponential phase, the population size increases quickly
- stationary phase, stays level
- decline phase, population size falls because the death rate is greater than the reproductive rate
