Biotech 1 Flashcards
What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their products to modify human health and the environment.
True or False: Biotechnology only involves genetic engineering.
False
What is recombinant DNA technology?
Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations.
Fill in the blank: The process of using microorganisms to produce substances such as antibiotics is known as __________.
fermentation
Which of the following is a common application of biotechnology in agriculture?
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
What is the role of restriction enzymes in biotechnology?
Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing for the manipulation of genetic material.
True or False: Cloning is a form of biotechnology.
True
What is a plasmid?
A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA that is separate from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.
Name one ethical concern associated with biotechnology.
The potential for bioweapons development.
What is PCR, and why is it important in biotechnology?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify DNA, making it easier to study and manipulate.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.
Gel electrophoresis
Which of the following is NOT a method of gene transfer in plants?
Electroporation
What does the term ‘bioremediation’ refer to?
Bioremediation refers to the use of living organisms to remove or neutralize contaminants from the environment.
True or False: All genetically modified organisms are harmful.
False
What is the significance of the Human Genome Project?
The Human Genome Project aimed to map all the genes in the human genome, which has significant implications for medicine and genetics.
Name one application of biotechnology in medicine.
Development of monoclonal antibodies.
Fill in the blank: __________ therapy involves altering the genes inside a person’s cells to treat or prevent disease.
Gene
What is the difference between traditional breeding and biotechnological methods?
Traditional breeding involves selecting for desirable traits over generations, while biotechnology can directly manipulate genes.
Which of the following is a potential benefit of biotechnology in agriculture?
Increased crop yield.
True or False: Bioinformatics is a field that combines biology and computer science.
True
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
A GMO is an organism whose genome has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the process of inserting foreign DNA into an organism’s genome.
Transformation
What are stem cells, and why are they important in biotechnology?
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to various cell types, important for regenerative medicine.
Name one method used for cloning animals.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer.
True or False: Enzymes used in biotechnology are typically derived from living organisms.
True
What is the purpose of a DNA library?
A DNA library is a collection of cloned DNA fragments that researchers can use for various studies.
Fill in the blank: __________ sequencing is a method used to determine the order of nucleotides in DNA.
DNA
What is an application of biotechnology in environmental conservation?
Using microorganisms to clean up oil spills.
What is the primary goal of synthetic biology?
To design and construct new biological parts and systems.
