Biostatistics

Question 1

What is the Definition of Statistics ?

Answer 1

It’s the field of study concerned with handling data and managing numbers in order to conclude information, results and decisions.

Question 2

What is Descriptive statistics?

Answer 2

It’s the part of statistics concerned with collection, organization and summarization of data in such a way as to make them comprehensible.

Question 3

What is Inferential (Analytical) Statistics ?

Answer 3

It’s the act of passing from observation to generalizations. It includes; estimation theory and hypothesis testing.

Question 4

Population is ….. ?

Answer 4

a group of individuals with a common characteristic.

Question 5

What is a Sample?

Answer 5

It is the part or subset of the population chosen for the study and inferences are made for the whole population.

Question 6

A random sample is …… ?

Answer 6

one in which every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 7

Variables are … ?

Answer 7

the group of characteristics specific for each member of the population or the sample.

Question 8

Data is… ?

Answer 8

Data is the values of a variable .

Question 9

Information is …. ?

Answer 9

the results we conclude from data.

Question 10

What is the difference between a Parameter and Statistic ?

Answer 10

• Parameter is a numeric value which characterizes and summarizes data of a Population variable.
• Statistic is a numeric value which characterizes and summarizes data of a Sample variable.

Question 11

What is a Numeric Continuous Variable?

Answer 11

Data measured on continuous measurement scales, can assume all possible value along a continuum and the mathematical operations are possible and provide a meaningful result.

Question 12

What is a Numeric Discrete Variables?

Answer 12

Data that are numeric but the values don’t refer to true numbers, not all the mathematical operations are possible, don’t accept fractions or decimals and can’t take a negative sign.

Question 13

What’s an Independent variable?

Answer 13

It is a variable that is being manipulated in an experiment in order to observe the effect on a dependent variable “outcome variable”.

Question 14

What’s a Dependent Variable?

Answer 14

It’s a variable that is dependent on an independent variable.

Question 15

Data reduction means ….. ?

Answer 15

reducing or collapsing the multiple values of a variable into fewer discrete categories.

Question 16

Frequency is …. ?

Answer 16

the number of times each category or each value occurs in the data.

Question 17

What’s a relative frequency ?

Answer 17

It’s the proportion or percentage of each category ,used to compare the frequency distribution of two different data sets.

Question 18

Cumulative frequency is …. ?

Answer 18

the frequency of the corresponding category in addition to the frequencies of the preceding categories, calculated in case of ordinal and continuous variables only.

Question 19

Cumulative percentage is….. ?

Answer 19

the proportion of the corresponding cumulative frequency, calculated in case of ordinal and continuous variables only.

Question 20

What is a Graph ?

Answer 20

A graph is a diagram of a set of results. It helps to see at a glance how two sets of numbers are related together.

Question 21

What is the Law of statistical regularity?

Answer 21

A group of objects selected at random from a population tends to possess the characteristics of the large group

Question 22

What’s the Law of large numbers ?

Answer 22

Large samples are more stable in their characteristics than the small ones. This means that as we increase the sample size, the characteristics tend to become more steady and converge on to the population parameter.