Biosecurity

Question 1

How much of pig disease control comes from management and biosecurity?

Answer 1

75%

Question 2

What does biosecurity determine?

Answer 2

Mix of pathogens present of farm

Question 3

What does management determine?

Answer 3

Management of environment
determines the infection pressure and hosts susceptibility to infection
and subsequent disease

Question 4

What is the epidemiologic triange

Answer 4

Agent - Host - Environment

Question 5

What is internal biosecurity?

Answer 5

Controlling proliferaition and dissemination of agents among livestock

Question 6

What is external biosecurity?

Answer 6

Preventing the entry of disease agents

Question 7

How does disease impact production?

Answer 7

Reduced feed efficiency
Increased medicine use
Reduced growth
Increased weight spread
COST

Question 8

What is chain thinking?

Answer 8

Infection chain and prevention chain connect epidemiological events between different production phases (production chain) by creating multiple intervention strategies

Question 9

How does the chain begin?

Answer 9

Gilt replacement and development - Horizontal transmission
Vertical transmission through partruition
Further horizontal transmission through output market

Question 10

Balancing disease management

Answer 10

Minimise exposure via int and ext biosecurity and flow management and antimicrobial mgmt
Maximize immunity via vx, quarantine, early lactation mgmt, nutrition health and welfare to minimize stress

Question 11

Contagiousness

Answer 11

spread from pig to pig

Question 12

Infectiousness

Answer 12

amount needed to infect

Question 13

Aspects to understanding the pathogen

Answer 13

Contagiousness and infectiveness
Duration and route of shedding
Duration and robustness of immunity

Question 14

Where is the weakest link of the chain?

Answer 14

Introduction/bringing in of animals

Question 15

How does biosecurity relate to health status?

Answer 15

Conventional status - poor
Minimal disease - very rigid

Question 16

Why is pig biosecurity so important?

Answer 16

Everything that comes out of a pig could be contagious

Question 17

Factors of biosecurity

Answer 17

• Quarantine
• Acclimatise gilts
• Health declarations
  *Semen
• Location (minimum 3km separation)
• Secure perimeter fence/wall
  *Isolation facility remote from unit
• Loading bay
• Transport / part loads
  *Visitors
  *Farm staff
  *Park products
  *Tools, equipment, supplies
  *Feed and bedding
  *Water source

Question 18

Biosecurity risk of outdoor pigs

Answer 18

Parasites - tend to have standard burdens
Contamination from wildlife, etc.

Question 19

Features of African Swine Fever

Answer 19

Tick borne
No aerosol or transplacental spread
Survives in pork meat products for 2 years

Question 20

How to maintain hygiene on a farm

Answer 20

Different PPE and equipment for each stage of production (farrow, weaning, gilt and finishing)
Foot dips

Question 21

How to reduce a pathogen load within pig building

Answer 21

Cleaniness within the environment
Pressure washing
Pig flow
Vaccination and medication

Question 22

All in All Out vs Continuous flow

Answer 22

All in All out is preferred - pigs come as one and leave as one

Question 23

Bad practices for pig flow

Answer 23

Mixing of ages
sick and poor pigs