Biopsychology Flashcards
What are Sensory Neurons and where are they found
Found in recepters such as eyes, ears and tongue. They carry nerve impulses to CNS.
When they are reach the brain they are translated into sensations, such as vision of hearing.
What are Relay Neurons and where are they found.
Found in the brain and spinal cord (CNS)#
Allow motor and sensory neurons to communicate
What are motor neurons and where are they found.
They are found in CNS.
They control muscle movement.
What is the function of dendrites
Receive signals from other neurons
What is the function of the axon
it carries nerve impulses away from the cell body and towards the axon terminals
What is the function of the Myelin Sheath
It insulates the neuron
What is the synapse
The gap between two neurons
What is a neurotransmitter
The chemical messanger which allows for communication between neuron
What is the synaptic vesicles
Where neurotransmitters are stored before the synapse
What is the processes of synaptic transmission
Action potential causes vehsicles to merge with mebrane releasing neurotransmitters into the synpase
After being released neurotransmitters are in high conc near the presynaptic neuron.
Due to diffusion they spread to postsynaptic neuron.
The neurotransmitters bind to the receptor sites.
Depending on the charge it will release action potential in the next neuron
What is the process of the fight or flight response
The brain detects a stressor and triggers the brain’s alam system
The hypothalamus detects the stressor and activates the autonomic nervous system
It signals the change from the parasympathetic state to the sympathetic state.
In the sympathetic state the hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary gland.
This gland releases ACTH
ACTH stimulates the adrenal gland to release adrenaline.
This cause heart rate to increase and rapid breathing.
Once stressor is gone, the hypothalamus signals ANS to shift back to parasympathetic state.
What is the Inhibitary neurotransmitter and what does it do
It is the charge of the neurotransmitter. Hyperpolarisation. So it will mae it less likely to fire action potential
What is the Exitatary neurotransmitter and what does it do
It is the charge of the neurotransmitter. It is Depolarisation. So it is more likely to fire action potential.
What happens to left over neurotransmitters
- Its reabsorbed back into vesicles by being absorbed by the Reuptake Transporter
- They just diffuse somewhere else
- Enzymes break them down
