Biopsychology Flashcards
what are the two parts of the human nervous system? (2)
- central nervous system (CNS)
- peripheral nervous system (PNS)
what are the parts of the CNS? (2)
- brain
- spinal cord
what are the parts of the PNS? (2)
- somatic nervous system (SNS)
- autonomic nervous system (ANS)
what are the parts of the ANS? (2)
- sympathetic nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
what are the parts of the nervous system? (6)
- the brain
- the spinal cord
- somatic NS
- autonomic NS
- sympathetic NS
- parasympathetic NS
what is the brain? (2)
- made up of two hemispheres
- outer layer = cerebral cortex
what does the spinal cord do? (2)
- passes messages to/from the brain and the PNS
- responsible for reflexes
what does the somatic NS do? (2)
- transmits info from senses to the CNS
- directs muscles to act
what does the autonomic NS do? (2)
- transmits automatic signals
E.G. breathing
what is the sympathetic NS involved in? (1)
- involved in preparation for ‘fight or flight
what does the parasympathetic NS do? (2)
- returns body to resting state
- involved in ‘fight or flight’ response
what are the part of the neuron? (8)
- cell body
- dendrite
- nucleus
- axon
- node of ranvier
- myelin sheath
- schwann cell
- axon terminal
what does the cell body contain? (1)
- contains the nucleus (chromosomes)
what do dendrites do? (2)
- extend from cell body
- carry electrical impulses from other neurons towards the cell body
what does the axon do? (2)
- carried the impulses AWAY from the cell body
- is covered by a fatty layer (myelin sheath)
what is the myelin sheath and what does it do? (2)
- increases the speed of transmission
- a fatty layer
what is the modes of ranvier and what do they do? (3)
- breaks in the myelin sheath
- forces impulses to jump across the gaps
- speed up transmission
what are the three types of neuron? (3)
- motor
- relay
- sensory
what do MOTOR neurons do? (1)
- carry signals from the central nervous system to the effectors (muscles/glands)
what is the structure of MOTOR neurons? (2)
- short dendrites
- long axons
what do RELAY neurons do? (1)
- connect sensory neurons to motor neurons or other relay neurons
what is the structure of RELAY neurons (2)
- short dendrites
- shirt axons
what do SENSORY neurons do? (1)
- carry signals from receptors to the CNS
what is the structure of SENSORY neurons? (2)
- long dendrites
- short axons
