Biopsychology - 03 The Endocrine System

Question 1

What does the endocrine system regulate?

Answer 1

The activity of cells and organs in the body

Question 2

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 2

A network of glands across the body that secrete chemical messages called hormones

Question 3

What does the endocrine system use to deliver hormones to their target sites in the body?

Answer 3

blood vessels

Question 4

Compared to the nervous system what are the effects of hormone like?

Answer 4

Slower but act for longer

Question 5

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

Answer 5

maintain homeostasis

Question 6

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 6

Groups of cells that produce and secrete hormones

Question 7

What are hormones?

Answer 7

Chemical messengers which affect mood and behaviour

Question 8

How does a physiological reaction get produced in a target cell?

Answer 8

When enough receptor sites are stimulated by hormones

Question 9

What are the 4 glands studied in this topic?

Answer 9

1-Pituitary gland
2-Adrenal gland
3-Thyroid gland
4-Testes

Question 10

Where is the pituitary gland found?

Answer 10

In the brain

Question 11

What does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 11

the hormones released by the pituitary gland control and stimulate the release of hormones from other glands in the endocrine system

Question 12

What is the pituitary gland controlled by?

Answer 12

The hypothalamus

Question 13

What is the pituitary gland separated into?

Answer 13

The anterior (front)
The posterior (back)

Question 14

What does the anterior pituitary do?

Answer 14

Releases adrenocortical trophic hormone (ACTH), stimulates the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol during the stress response

Question 15

What does the posterior pituitary do?

Answer 15

Releases oxytocin, which stimulates contractions of the uterus during childbirth, and is important for mother-infant bonding

Question 16

Where is the adrenal gland found?

Answer 16

On top of the kidneys

Question 17

What is the adrenal gland separated into?

Answer 17

1-Adrenal medulla (inner)
2-Adrenal cortex (outer)

Question 18

What does the adrenal medulla do?

Answer 18

responsible for releasing adrenaline and noradrenaline, which plays a key role in the fight or flight response

Question 19

What does the adrenal cortex do?

Answer 19

releases cortisol (in response to stress), which stimulates the release of glucose to provide the body with energy while suppressing the immune system

Question 20

What does the thyroid gland do?

Answer 20

releases the hormone thyroxine which is responsible for metabolism and it also affects the cells in the heart

Question 21

What do the testes do?

Answer 21

release androgens which include the hormone testosterone

Question 22

What is testosterone responsible for?

Answer 22

the development of male sex characteristics during puberty

Question 23

What is testosterone controlled by?

Answer 23

The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland
the hypothalamus instructs the pituitary gland on how much testosterone to produce and the pituitary gland sends this message to the testes