Biophysics Flashcards

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1
Q

Why can water form hydrogen bonds via cohesion and adhesion?

A

Because it is highly electronegative (dipolar)

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2
Q

What does the fact water forms H bonds mean for its properties

A

It has a high boiling point

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3
Q

How does water dissolve polar/charged groups?

A

Forming a hydration shell

Via charge interaction or hydrogen bonding = dissolved

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4
Q

Name some ionic compounds that get dissolved by water

A

Na+ , cl-

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5
Q

What are some examples of charged side groups getting dissolved

A

Carboxylate COO- (aspartate)

Phosphate

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6
Q

What are polar groups name some examples dissolved in water

A

Thiol SH

Serine OH

Alcohol rOH

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7
Q

What in a cell is called ‘amphiphatic’

A

The phospholipid bilayer

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8
Q

How are folding of proteins an example of hydrophobicity interaction

A

A polar side groups such as valine pack inside the protein

Charged are outside

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9
Q

How many moles in 12 g of C12

A

1 mole = molecular weight(g/mol)

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10
Q

How many atoms in a mole (Avogadro)

A

6.022 x 10^23

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11
Q

How would you work out moles from M and volume in Litres

A

M x volume in litres = moles

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12
Q

What is Brownian motion

A

Random movement of particles and collisions due to thermal energy

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13
Q

When would Brownian motion of particles stop?

A

At 0 kelvins (depends on thermal energy)

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14
Q

Why would large particles move slower in Brownian motion

A

Due to more collisions - the free path is reduced

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15
Q

What is needed for diffusion

A

Brownian motion through a concentration gradient (high to low)

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16
Q

What is steady state diffusion

A

When the concentrations of 2 places remain constant

17
Q

What does flux mean in diffusion

A

Net movement of particles from 1 conc to another

18
Q

Why do long distances take longer in diffusion

A

More collisions, it moves left and right due to mean free path being short

19
Q

What produces turgor pressure

A

The semipermeable membrane acting as a barrier to charged ions

The bounce of = pressure

20
Q

What causes osmotic pressure?

A

The semipermeable barrier to ions which bounce off causes osmotic pressure

The water would leave the cell (lysis)

21
Q

What are exponents and how does it relate to biology

A

Another word for indices eg 10^2

2= exponent

Exponential growth eg in binary fission/PCR

22
Q

What would 10^0 be?

A

1

23
Q

How would you multiply 2 indices? Eg 10^5 x 10^ 3

A

5+3 = 10^8

24
Q

How would you divide exponents eg 10^3 / 10^2

A

10^1

3-2

25
Q

What would 1/100 represent as exponents

A

10^-2

1/10^2

26
Q

How would you write 10^-1 in logarithms instead

A

Log10(0.1) = -1

Exponent = returned

27
Q

How would you write 10^3 in log (=1000)

A

Log10 (1000) = 3

28
Q

What is 0.001 as an exponent

A

10^-3. (1/10^3)

29
Q

How would you add logs or divide logs eg of 2 solutions

A

Log 10 (H+A) = multiplication of logs

Log 10 (H-A) = divide logs

30
Q

What would 5^6 be as a log form

A

Log5(15625) = 6