biomolecules quiz Flashcards
name the 4 macromolecules
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
what elements does carbohydrates have
carbon, hydrogine, oxygen
RATIO OF
carbon -> hydrogen -> oxygen in carbohydrates
1:2:1
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
monosaccharide
Name the 2 categories of carbohydrates
simple and complex
3 types of carbohydrates found in food
sugar, starch, fiber
Sugar is an example of a _________ carbohydrate
simple
starch and fiber are examples of ________ carbohydrates
complex
organic molecules have in common the presence of
carbon and hydrogen
why is carbon important
- carbon atom is small
- carbon can bond to 4 different atoms, allowing variability in shape and size
- carbon-carbon bonds are stable, which is a foundation for building larger molecules
function of carbohydrates
provide energy and used for structural support
Example of simple carbohydrate
- added sugar in candy, soda etc.
- naturally occurring in fruit and vegetables
Example of complex carbohydrate
starches and fiber
Difference between simple and complex carbohydrates
Simple get digested quickly and send bursts of glucose into bloodstream.
Complex are digested slowly and give a lower release of glucose into the blood stream.
monomer of lipids
glycerol and fatty acids