Biomolecules Flashcards
Monomer of carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
Two monosaccharides combined
Disaccharide
Examples of monosacharides
Glucose, fructose, galactose
Example of disaccharide
Lactose, maltose, sucrose
Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides linked to form chains
Polysaccharides examples
Starch, glycogen, cellulose
What are carbohydrates for?
Crucial for energy, structure, and communication in living organisms
Monomers of protein
Amino acids
How many amino acids are there?
20 different.
Peptides
When amino acids form smaller chains
Polypeptides
Larger amino acid chains
Protein
When polypeptides start to fold in a specific way a create a protein
Enzymes
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions.
Keratin, collagen
Give strenght to tissues like hair, nails
Hemoglobin
Protein that carries oxygen in blood.
Antibodies
Proteins that help fight infections
Hormomes like Insulin
Helps control processes in body
Proteins from DNA
Made through a process called protein sythesis
Lipids contain
Fats, oils, cholesterol and some vitamins
Lipids are nonpolar
Not dissolvable in water
What’re some lipids used for
Broken down and used as energy in cells.
Energy from lipids
Long-term energy source for living organisms.
Other lipids usage
Part of cells structure, great insulation
Lipids monomers
Fatty acids
