biomolecules Flashcards
why is sucrose called an invert suger?
sucrose is dextrorotatory but when hydrolysis gives dextrorotatory glucose and laevorotatory fructose. since the of levorotation fructose is more the product is ultimately leavo . this product us named invert sugar
glycosidic linkage?
LINKAGE BTW TWO MONISACCHARIDES
amylose and amylopecting difference
amylose
1. water solube
2. conatins 15-20% of starch
3. it is a long unbranched chain with 200-1000 alpha-D glucose at c1-c4 linkage
amylopectin
1. not water soluble
2. conatins 85-80% of starch
3. it is a long branched chain with 1000+ alpha-D glucose at c1-c4 linkage and branch at c1-c6 linkage
tell more about cellulose
- exclusively for plants only
- called plant starch
- straight chained
- composed of beta-D glucose units
tell more about glycogen
- animal starch
- present in liver,muscle and brain
- found in animaal body
- highly branched
- also found in yeast and fungi
non essential amino acids? examples
already present in our body
eg: alanin,glycine
what is a peptide linkage?
an amino formed btw -COOH and NH2 group in called peptide linkage
essential amino acids? examples
not synthesised from our body and must be included in our diet so our body can get them examples:
lysine,valine,arginine
fibrous and globular protiens difference
- fiborous:when poly peptide chains run parallel and are held togther by H and disulphide bonds- fibre like structure
- insoluble in water
- eg keratine,myosin
* globular*:
1. chains of polypeptide coil around to give a spehrical shape
2. soluble in water
3. eg: albumins,insulin
explain primary structure
the sequence in which various amino acids are placed in a protien is called it’s primary structure. any change in the sequence of amino acids creates a diff protien which alters biological functions
