biomes

Question 1

tundra

Answer 1

roots grow out, not down because of permafrost. all soil freezes in winter. low npp
cold, little rain
shrubs, lichen, arctic foxes, caribou, no trees

Question 2

taiga/boreal forest

Answer 2

short growing season, low npp
cold, little precipitation
pine trees, moose, wolf, deer

Question 3

rainforest

Answer 3

rapid plant growth and decomposition, most biodiversity, 2/3 of world species, high npp
hot, lots of precipitation
ferns, orchids, dart frogs, gorillas

Question 4

deciduous (temperate) forest

Answer 4

rapid decomposition, good soil, usually used for agriculture, high npp
medium temp, medium precipitation
oak, maple, chipmunks, squirrels, bobcats

Question 5

woodlands/chaparral

Answer 5

hot dry summers, mild rainy winters, regular wildfires, 12-month growing season, low npp
mid temp, medium precipitation
roadrunner, coyote, jack rabbit, shrubs

Question 6

grasslands

Answer 6

regular wildfire bc of wind, plants have deep roots, hot ones have high npp, cold ones have low npp
mild temp, low precipitation
bison, prairie dog, grasses

Question 7

savannah

Answer 7

wet-dry seasons, high decomposition rates, grazing keeps plants small, plants adapted to conserve resources, net growth in the wet season, npp limited by rain
warm, medium precipitation
grasses, zebra, lion, elephant

Question 8

desert

Answer 8

plants conserve water, rain brings plant growth, very susceptible to disturbances, low npp
hot, low precipitation
cactus, succulents, camel, kangaroo, scorpion

Question 9

streams and rivers

Answer 9

drains runoff, source zone, transition zone, floodplain zone
fresh
fish

Question 10

wetlands

Answer 10

covered in water year-round or seasonally, very productive and important, includes marshes, swamps, floodplains, filters water, biodiversity, refills groundwater
fresh
frogs, reeds, cattails

Question 11

ponds and lakes

Answer 11

two types: oligotrophic (deep, steep, fed by snow melt), and eutrophic (shallow, turbid, high npp)
divided by light- littoral (shore), limnetic (light), profundal (dark), benthic (murky)
fresh
fish

Question 12

open ocean

Answer 12

most of planet, divided into 4 zones based on light: coastal (littoral), eutrophic (limnetic), bathyal (profundal), abyssal (benthic)
salt
whales, squid, fish

Question 13

estuary

Answer 13

biodiverse, lots of light and nutrients, high npp
brackish
fish, mangrove forest

Question 14

intertidal zone

Answer 14

along the coastline, type of habitat (sand vs. rock) varies based on depth, challenging to survive, high exposure to elements
salt
starfish

Question 15

coral reef

Answer 15

shallow, low in nutrients, high biodiversity, high npp
salt
coral, fish