Biomechanics of the Spine Flashcards
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at C0-1 during flexion.
Spine
Anterior Roll
Posterior Glide
Biomechanics
The Alar Ligament limits which motions of the upper cervical spine?
Spine
SB = Rot > Ext
Biomechanics
The Transverse Ligament of Atlas limits which motions of the upper cervical spine?
Spine
Flexion
Biomechanics
During protraction of the cranium, the lower cervical spine ____ as upper craniocervical region ____.
Spine
- Flexes
- Extends
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at C1-2 during right rotation.
Spine
Anterior Glide on the Left
Posterior Glide on the Right
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at C0-2 during right side-bending.
Spine
C1 glides Ipsilaterally within the intercollated segment of C0-2
Biomechanics
During right rotation, the upper cervical spine side-bends to the ____ and the lower cervical spine side-bends to the ____.
Spine
- Left
- Right
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at the C2-3 facets during right side-bending or right rotation.
Spine
Right Facet: Inferior-posterior Down-glide
Left Facet: Superior-anterior Up-glide
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at the C2-3 facets during Extension.
Spine
Bilateral Posterior-inferior Down-glides
Biomechanics
Describe the arthrokinematics at the C2-3 uncovertebral joints during right side-bending.
Spine
- Roll Right
- Glide Left
Biomechanics
Describe the facet oreintation in the cervical spine.
Spine
- 45° Vertically towards the eyes
- No rotation in the transverse plane
Biomechanics
Describe the facet oreintation in the thoracic spine.
Spine
- 60° Vertically towards the eyes
- 20° rotation in the transverse plane
Biomechanics
Describe the facet oreintation in the lumbar spine.
Spine
- 90° Vertically
- 90° rotation in the transverse plane
Biomechanics
What gives the thoracic spine its kyphotic shape.
Spine
The wedge shape of the vertebral bodies.
(4°/vertebra)
Biomechanics
Which ribs attach directly on the sternum? Do these ribs move in a pump or bucket handle movement?
Spine
Ribs 1-7
Pump Handle
Biomechanics
Which ribs attach indirectly to the sternum? Do these ribs move in a pump or bucket handle movement?
Spine
Ribs 8-10
Bucket Handle
Biomechanics
During anterior pelvic tilt the sacrum tilts ____ and the lumbar spine ____. If the pelvic movement is greater than the sacral tilt, this would be considered ____.
Spine
- Anteriorly
- Extends
- Counternutation
Biomechanics
The vertebral artery has limited blood flow with which combination of motions after it enters the spine at which vertebral level?
Spine
Contralateral Rotation + Extension
C6
Biomechanics
Upper cervical flexion is maximized by (protraction or retraction); whereas, upper cervical extension is maximized by (protraction or retraction).
Spine
- Retraction
- Protraction
Biomechanics
Which spinal regions contribute the most motion to overall spinal flexion and extension?
Spine
- Cervical
- Lower Thoracic
- Lumbar
Biomechanics
Which spinal regions contribute the most motion to overall spinal side-bending?
Spine
Similar contributions throughout the spine except for C1-2
Biomechanics
Which spinal regions contribute the most motion to overall spinal rotation?
Spine
- C1-2
- Lower Cervical Spine
- Upper Thoracic Spine
Biomechanics
Thoracic discs are a primary limitaiton of which two motions?
Spine
- Thoracic Rotation
- Thoracic Flexion
The ribs also aid with resisting flexion motions.
Biomechanics
Mobility at which regions of the thoracic spine most contribute to the following adjacent regions?
* Lower Cervical
* Shoulder
* Lumbar
Spine
- T1-4
- T1-6
- T7-12
