Biomechanics Of Injury Flashcards
What is an injury
Results in absence from scheduled activities for at least one training or game
Importance of player availability
Win percentage goes up with more first teamers available
When does an injury occur
When the tissue experience force that exceeds their capacity to tolerate force
Factors that influence loading of a tissue
Magnitude
Duration
Frequency
Direction of loading
Age and health
Nutrition and hydration
Previous injury
Environment
Factors that influence load tolerance of a tissue
Tissue type
Age and health
Previous injury
Nutrition and hydration
Genetics
Activity level
Environmental
Mechanical loading history
Types of force application
Tensión
Compression
Shear
Torsion- twist
How do tissue react to forces
Stress strain curve, toe , elastic ,plastic ,failure
Young’s modulus
The modulus of elasticity the measure of the stiffness of a material
Types of injury
Acute and chronic
Acute injuries occur
Trauma, fracture sprain strain
Chronic injuries occur
Repetitive micro traumas , overuse over loading
Signs of acute injury
Sudden onset of pain
Severe pain
Bleeding
Discolouration or bruising
Swelling tenderness
Inability to weight bear
Signs of chronic injury
Swelling at site
Dull uncomfortable pain
Pain when active
Lack of full rom
Risk factors of tissue injury
Excess force
Biomechanics
Nutrition
Female
Strength
Aerobic fitness
Fatique
Exercise definition
The systematic application of force to the human body
What can measure the force or stress on an athlete
GPS
What is training load
Is a measure of the amount of force placed on an athlete from training
Types of training load
External load lifted sets x reps x weight
internal load RPE HEART RATE
Why do we measure training load
Train too much increases injury risk
Train too little decreases performance
Train too little increases injury risk
Acute spikes increase injury risk
The optimal amount of training
Is between acute overload and overreaching
The principle of training states
That whereas regular physical training results in several physiological adaptations that enhance athletic performance stopping or markedly reducing training induced a partial or complete reversal of these adaptations compromising performance
Acute chronic workload ratio
Based on the fitness fatigue model, this weeks workload relative to the last four weeks, fitness should be greater than fatigue
Periodisation
Micro cycles md+-1/2/3?etc
Fatigue is
The failure to maintain the required or expected force or power output
