Biomechanics - Lower Extremity

Question 1

Bending parts of a joint so that the angle between them is decreased

Answer 1

Flexion

Question 2

Straightening parts of a joint so that the angle between them is increased

Answer 2

Extension

Question 3

3 Cardinal Planes

Answer 3

Sagittal, Frontal and Transverse Planes

Question 4

The motion of a body part away from midline

Answer 4

Abduction

Question 5

The motion of a body part towards midline

Answer 5

Adduction

Question 6

The movement of the foot upwards towards the ankle, normal range 10-20 degrees

Answer 6

Dorsiflexion

Question 7

Minimum degree of dorsiflexion for normal gate

Answer 7

10 degrees

Question 8

Opposite of Dorsiflexion

Answer 8

Plantar Flexion

Question 9

Dorsiflexion occurs in which Cardinal Plane

Answer 9

Sagital

Question 10

The elevation of the inner border of the foot

Answer 10

Inversion

Question 11

Normal range of motion in Inversion

Answer 11

20 degrees

Question 12

Minimum degree of inversion for normal gate

Answer 12

4-6 degrees

Question 13

Eversion occurs in which Cardinal Plane

Answer 13

Frontal

Question 14

Elevation along the outer border of the foot

Answer 14

Eversion

Question 15

Normal range of motion in Eversion

Answer 15

10 degrees

Question 16

Minimum degree of Eversion for nomal gate

Answer 16

4-6 degrees

Question 17

Pronation is a tri-plane motion consisting of:

Answer 17

1) Dorsiflexion in the Sagital Plane
2) Eversion in the Frontal Plane
3) Abduction in the Transverse Plane

Question 18

Supination is a tri-plane motion consisting of:

Answer 18

1) Plantar Flexion in the Sagital Plane
2) Inversion in the Frontal Plane
3) Adduction in the Transverse Plane

Question 19

60% of Gait Cycle

Answer 19

Stance Phase

Question 20

40% of Gait Cycle

Answer 20

Swing Phase

Question 21

Heel strike of one limb to toe off of same limb

Answer 21

Stance Phase

Question 22

Toe off to just prior to heel strike

Answer 22

Swing Phase

Question 23

One lower extremity beginning its Swing Phase and the Opposite lower extremity ending its Swing Phase

Answer 23

SIngle Limb Support

Question 24

2 periods of Single Limb support and 2 periods of Double Limb support

Answer 24

Normal Gate Cycle

Question 25

One lower extremity beginning Stance Phase and one lower extremity finishing Stance Phase

Answer 25

Double Limb Support

Question 26

Stance Phase consists of:

Answer 26

1. Heel Strike 2. Foot Flat 3. Midstance 4. Heel Off 5. Toe Off

Question 27

Point where body weight passes directly over the supporting limb

Answer 27

Midstance

Question 28

Just after the referenced limb toe leaves the ground until the point when the swinging leg is under the body

Answer 28

Acceleration

Question 29

Stride Length

Answer 29

Heel strike of one limb to heel strike of same limb

Question 30

Step Length

Answer 30

Heel strike of one limb to heel off of the opposite lime