Biomechanics Flashcards
what are biomechanics?
science of the action of forces, internal or external on the body
what is the difference btwn statics and mechanics?
statics = study of bodies remaining at rest or equilibrium (goniometer) dynamics = study of forces acting on them (MMT)
what type of measurement is analyses of biomechanics?
quantitative
What must OT’s observe before txing a pt?
- posture
- symmetry
- quality of movement
- contour, muscle bulk, creases, color
from gross–>fine motor control
what must OT’s palpate before txing a pt?
- bony prominence, landmarks
- joint alignment
- tissue surrounding anatomical parts
what are the steps taken before txing pt?
- measurement/ test of muscles
- record findings
- interpret findings
- prioritize intervention
- tx intervention
what is kinematics?
describes motion of the body without regard to forces producing the motion (using goniometry)
what is translation motion?
linear motion in which all parts move parallel to & same direction to each other (i.e. straight or curvilinear line)
what is rotational motion?
rigid body motion in circular path about pivot pt (i..e joint/axis)
what are osteokinematics?
motions of bones relative to coronal, sagittal, transverse planes
bones rotate on joint in a plane thats perpendicular to axis of rotation
what are the motions of osteokinematics?
flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
internal/external rotation
pronation/supination
what is arthrokinematics?
motion occurring btwn articular surfaces of the joint
direction depends on shape of joint surfaces (concave/convex)
what is the convex concave rule?
- when convex surface moves on concave surface, bone motion and articular motion are DIFFERENT
- when concave surface moves on convex surface, bone motion and articular motion are SAME
What are the purposes of the goniometer?
- determine limitations
- est. baseline
- est. tx goals + procedures
- determine need for assistive devices
- reliability + validity
what are the parts of the goniometer?
axis
stationary arm
moveable arm
