biomass Flashcards by darylle r.

In order to maximize efficiency, lower prices, and improve biomass conversion technologies, _______ and __________ expenditures must be sustained.
a. Research and development
b. Engineers and Architects
c. Engineers and Workers
d. Research and innovations

a. Research and development

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The following choices are the challenges of using Renewable Energy Source except one:
a. A lack of concerted efforts to improve the economy and effectiveness of using biomass
b. An ignorance of the availability and potential of biomass inadequate supply of biomass feedstock
c. A failure to recognize and value the benefits of using biomass
d. A lack of workers and engineers that are interested in Biomass Energy Plant

d. A lack of workers and engineers that are interested in Biomass Energy Plant

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Most common reason why there are fire and explosions in biomass production and storage facilities.
a. More usage of woods chips and wood pellets
b. Excess air
c. Negligence of the facility
d. Lazy workers

a. More usage of woods chips and wood pellets

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________ will be used by the biomass energy facility to guarantee worker safety and
put out fires.
a. Fermentation
b. Screening
c. Fire Extinguisher
d. Water

b. Screening

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It may be necessary to implement a multiple-level screening protocol that includes:
a. For massive tramp items, a coarse screen.
b. Magnet for ferrous metal extraction
c. Non-ferrous metal identification using eddy current
d. All of the above

d. All of the above

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All of the following are the effects of Biomass Renewable Plant in the Environment except:
a. Deforestation
b. Environmental pollution
c. Flooding
d. Utilization of water

c. Flooding

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The Code provides investment incentives to enterprises registered with the Board of Investments (BOI)
a. Mini-Hydro Power Incentives Act (RA 7156)
b. Clean Air Act (RA 8749)
c. Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 (RA 8435)
d. Omnibus Investment Code of 1987 (amended by RA 7918)

d. Omnibus Investment Code of 1987 (amended by RA 7918)

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Mini-hydro proponents can avail Special privilege tax rates of ___ of gross receipts from sale of electric power and from transactions incident to the generation, transmission and sale of electric power
a. 10%
b. 2%
c. 8%
d. 5%

b. 2%

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What department can extend assistance to OSW developers in obtaining all applicable fiscal and non-fiscal incentives in Law on OSW (EO 462, amended by EO 232)
a. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
b. Department of Science and Technology
c. Department of Energy
d. Department of Trade and Industry

c. Department of Energy

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What does the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) issue to projects complying with the environmental standards?
a. Special Permits
b. Environment Compliance Certificate
c. Acknowledgment Permit
d. Certificate of Completion

a. Special Permits

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In the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 (RA 8435), apart from providing trade and fiscal incentives on the agricultural and fisheries sectors, what does the Act provide more?
a. Free facilities
b. Allowance
c. Special Permits
d. Duty-free importation of machinery and equipment

d. Duty-free importation of machinery and equipment

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The Act sets emission standards on stationary and mobile sources for greenhouse gases.
a. Clean Air Act (RA 8749)
b. Mini-Hydro Power Incentives Act (RA 7156)
c. Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act of 1997 (RA 8435)
d. Omnibus Investment Code of 1987 (amended by RA 7918)

a. Clean Air Act (RA 8749)

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Combustion should be set at __________temperature levels for it to be complete and free of emissions.
a. Low
b. High
c. Very low
d. Very high

d. Very high

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In RA 6957 BOT Law as Amended by RA 7718, Power plants may be constructed under a _________________ scheme.
a. Build-operate-transfer (BOT)
b. NRE projects
c. Power generation
d. Energy resource development projects

a. Build-operate-transfer (BOT)

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This Circular amends the law that seeks to elicit private sector participation in power generation.
a. DOE Circular No. 2000-03-003
b. DOE Circular No. 2000-10-011
c. DOE Circular No. 2000-03-004
d. DOE Circular No. 2000-10-012

c. DOE Circular No. 2000-03-004

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Which of the following is a characteristic of second generation biofuels?
a. They are derived from food crops
b. They offer lower energy yields
c. They are produced from non-food biomass sources
d. They have higher environmental impacts

c. They are produced from non-food biomass sources

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What distinguishes third-generation biofuels from traditional biomass sources?
a. They are derived from algae and microorganisms
b. They require extensive land use
c. They emit high levels of greenhouse gases
d. They have lower productivity

c. They emit high levels of greenhouse gases

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Which advanced biofuel can serve as a direct replacement for conventional gasoline?
a. Biobutanol
b. Biodiesel
c. Ethanol
d. Methanol

a. Biobutanol

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Power-to-gas technology involves the integration of renewable electricity with which biofuel production process?
a. Gasification
b. Anaerobic digestion
c. Hydrothermal liquefaction
d. Biomethane production

d. Biomethane production

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What is the primary objective of carbon pricing in relation to biomass energy?
a. To increase greenhouse gas emissions
b. To make biomass energy less competitive
c. To reflect the true cost of carbon emissions
d. To encourage the use of fossil fuels

c. To reflect the true cost of carbon emissions

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Which technological innovation focuses on converting wet biomass into liquid biofuels?
a. Gasification
b. Pyrolysis
c. Hydrothermal liquefaction
d. Biochar production

c. Hydrothermal liquefaction

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Genetic engineering of energy crops aims to enhance which of the following?
a. Growth rates and biomass yield
b. Carbon emissions
c. Dependency on fossil fuels
d. Soil degradation

a. Growth rates and biomass yield

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What is the primary benefit of small-scale biomass systems in rural communities?
a. Increased reliance on fossil fuels
b. Environmental degradation
c. Enhanced energy self-sufficiency
d. Accelerated climate change

c. Enhanced energy self-sufficiency

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Which process involves the removal of impurities from biogas to produce high-purity methane?
a. Gasification
b. Biomethane production
c. Anaerobic digestion
d. Power-to-gas

b. Biomethane production

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What is a disadvantage of wind energy compared to biomass energy? a. Intermittent power generation b. High operational costs c. Environmental impact on ecosystems d. Limited availability of suitable locations

a. Intermittent power generation

Geothermal energy is limited to regions with what characteristic? a. High wind speeds b. Abundant sunlight c. Geothermal activity d. Fast-flowing rivers

c. Geothermal activity

What distinguishes third-generation biofuels from traditional biomass sources? a. They are derived from algae and microorganisms b. They require extensive land use c. They emit high levels of greenhouse gases d. They have lower productivity

a. They are derived from algae and microorganisms

Which advanced biofuel has better energy density and is compatible with existing infrastructure? a. Biogas b. Biodiesel c. Biobutanol d. Biomethane

c. Biobutanol

What is a challenge associated with hydropower compared to biomass energy? a. Dependence on water availability b. Intermittent power generation c. High upfront costs d. Limited impact on the environment

a. Dependence on water availability

How does solar energy differ from biomass energy in terms of dependency? a. Solar energy is dependent on weather conditions b. Biomass energy is dependent on wind patterns c. Solar energy is not renewable d. Biomass energy is not affected by weather fluctuations.

a. Solar energy is dependent on weather conditions

What is the leading source of biomass energy in the Philippines? a. Animal waste b. Fuelwood c. Charcoal d. Agriwaste

b. Fuelwood

__________ is an organic renewable energy. It is mostly produced from agriculture and forest products such as plants, animals, residues, energy crops, and algae. a. Geothermal energy b. Solar energy c. Biomass energy d. Wind energy

c. Biomass energy

Which of the following are NOT sources of biomass energy? a. Fuelwood b. Agriwaste c. Municipal waste d. None of the above

d. None of the above

According to the World Bioenergy Association, 86% of the domestic supply of biomass globally in 2020 was from ________. a. Biogas b. Solid biomass c. Municipal waste d. Industrial waste

b. Solid biomass

In 2022, the installed generating capacity (MW) of the Philippines is __________. a. 363 MW b. 483 MW c. 489 MW d. 611 MW

d. 611 MW

In 2022, the dependable generating capacity (MW) of the Philippines is __________. a. 382 MW b. 291 MW c. 285 MW d. 227 MW

a. 382 MW

In 2022, the electricity generation (GWh) of the Philippines is __________. a. 1,040 GWh b. 1,322 GWh c. 1,445 GWh d. 1,261 GWh

b. 1,322 GWh

According to the DOE - Key Energy Statistics 2022, what is the total biomass production in the Philippines for the year 2022? a. 7,736 kTOE b. 7,563 kTOE c. 7,611 kTOE d. 7,731 kTOE

d. 7,731 kTOE

Which region in the Philippines is the primary source of biomass energy in the country? a. Luzon b. Visayas c. Mindanao d. All of the above

a. Luzon

In 2019, according to the World Bioenergy Association, Europe accounted for 64% of all biomass energy from ____________. a. Biogas b. Municipal waste c. Industrial waste d. Solid biomass

b. Municipal waste

From the data of Domestic Supply of Biomass Globally in 2020, 7% of the domestic supply was from the __________. a. Solid biomass b. Biogas c. Liquid biofuels d. Municipal waste

c. Liquid biofuels

In 2019, according to the World Bioenergy Association, _________ accounted for 64% of all biomass energy from municipal waste. a. Africa b. America c. Europe d. Asia

c. Europe

According to the DOE - Key Energy Statistics 2022, the total biomass production in the Philippines for the year 2021 is ____________. a. 7,736 kTOE b. 7,563 kTOE c. 7,611 kTOE d. 7,731 kTOE

c. 7,611 kTOE

According to the DOE - Key Energy Statistics 2022, the power generation of biomass in the Luzon region for the year 2022 is __________. a. 780 GWh b. 374 GWh c. 988 GWh d. 691 GWh

d. 691 GWh

Which of the following is NOT considered as renewable energy? a. Biomass b. Geothermal c. Natural gas d. Hydro

c. Natural gas

What equipment is used to transport processed biomass throughout a facility? a. Biomass Dryer b. Biomass Boiler c. Biomass Conveyor d. Anaerobic Digester

c. Biomass Conveyor

What is the primary purpose of biomass grinders? a. To convert biomass into electricity b. To break down large biomass feedstocks into smaller pieces c. To transport biomass throughout the facility d. To dry biomass with high moisture content

b. To break down large biomass feedstocks into smaller pieces

Which type of dryer is commonly used for biomass with high moisture content? a. Rotary Dryer b. Biomass Boiler c. Biomass Conveyor d. Biomass Gasifier

a. Rotary Dryer

What is the function of a biomass boiler? a. To dry biomass b. To burn biomass to produce heat and steam c. To grind biomass into smaller pieces d. To transport biomass

b. To burn biomass to produce heat and steam

What does a biomass gasifier produce? a. Electricity b. Steam c. Synthesis gas d. Biodiesel

c. Synthesis gas

What process occurs in an anaerobic digester? a. Direct combustion of biomass b. Anaerobic decomposition of organic material c. Pyrolysis of biomass d. Drying of biomass

b. Anaerobic decomposition of organic material

What is the main product of anaerobic digestion? a. Biodiesel b. Biogas c. Syngas d. Biochar

b. Biogas

Which biomass processing technology is used to produce methane-rich gas? a. Direct Combustion b. Anaerobic Digestion c. Fermentation d. Pyrolysis

b. Anaerobic Digestion

What technology is used for the extraction of oils for biodiesel production? a. Pyrolysis b. Gasification c. Oil Extraction d. Fermentation

c. Oil Extraction

Which of the following processes converts biomass into biochar, gas, and oils? a. Gasification b. Anaerobic Digestion c. Pyrolysis d. Fermentation

c. Pyrolysis

What does direct combustion of biomass primarily produce? a. Methane b. Syngas c. Heat and power d. Biochar

c. Heat and power

Which sector is the most developed for biomass energy in Europe and worldwide? a. Bio-syngas production b. Transportation biofuels c. Woody biomass co-combustion with coal d. Biogas production

c. Woody biomass co-combustion with coal

What are the main components of biogas produced from anaerobic digestion? a. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen b. Methane and carbon dioxide c. Charcoal and liquid fuels d. Biochar and oils

b. Methane and carbon dioxide

Which biomass processing technology involves the conversion of sugars to alcohols? a. Pyrolysis b. Fermentation c. Gasification d. Direct Combustion

b. Fermentation

What are the primary products of biomass gasification? a. Biogas and biochar b. Heat and power c. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen-rich syngas d. Alcohols and biodiese

c. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen-rich syngas

What is bioenergy primarily derived from? a. Inorganic materials b. Fossil fuels c. Recently living organic materials d. Synthetic chemicals

c. Recently living organic materials

Which of the following is NOT a type of biomass resource mentioned in the provided text? a. Agricultural residues b. Uranium c. Forest residues d. Aquatic biomass

b. Uranium

What is the primary purpose of bioenergy technologies? a. Increasing carbon emissions b. Generating nuclear energy c. Converting biomass into various forms of energy d. Producing synthetic materials

c. Converting biomass into various forms of energy

Which of the following is NOT a biofuel mentioned in the text? a. Ethanol b. Biodiesel c. Natural gas d. Bagasse

c. Natural gas

What role do biopower technologies play in energy production? a. Harnessing wind energy b. Generating solar power c. Producing heat and electricity from biomass d. Extracting geothermal energy

c. Producing heat and electricity from biomass

How do integrated biorefineries enhance economic viability? a. By offering sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels b. By focusing solely on biofuel production c. By optimizing biomass utilization for both biofuels and bioproducts d. By reducing carbon emissions in power plants

c. By optimizing biomass utilization for both biofuels and bioproducts

What percentage of energy for the rural population in the Philippines is sourced from biomass? a. 10% b. 20% c. 30% d. 40%

c. 30%

What is the peak demand forecast for Luzon in May 2024? a. 13,917 MW b. 2,891 MW c. 107 MW d. 95 MW

a. 13,917 MW

According to the National Renewable Energy Program (NREP), what are the interim targets set up to? a. 2020 b. 2025 c. 2030 d. 2040

c. 2030

What is a restraining factor for the biomass power generation market? a. Government policies b. Technological advancements c. Logistical complexities in transportation d. Rising environmental awareness

c. Logistical complexities in transportation

Which segment dominates the biomass power generation market based on technology? a. Combustion b. Gasification c. Pyrolysis d. Wind power

a. Combustion

Which region is NOT included in the regional segment analysis of the biomass power generation market? a. North America b. Europe c. Asia-Pacific d. Antarctica

d. Antarctica

What drives the adoption of biomass power generation according to the provided text? a. Increased use of fossil fuels b. Government policies supporting renewable energy c. Technological limitations d. Decreased environmental awareness

b. Government policies supporting renewable energy

What type of biomass is NOT mentioned in the provided text? a. Wood pellets b. Bagasse c. U-235 d. Agricultural residues

c. U-235

What is the purpose of market segmentation in the biomass power generation market? a. To decrease efficiency b. To increase regulatory hurdles c. To offer sustainable alternatives d. To analyze regional dynamics

d. To analyze regional dynamics

What is biomass energy? a. Energy from the sun b. Energy from wind c. Energy from organic materials d. Energy from water

c. Energy from organic materials

Which of the following is a common source of biomass energy? a. Coal b. Natural gas c. Wood d. Uranium

c. Wood

What is the primary process used in a biomass power plant to generate electricity? a. Combustion b. Fusion c. Fission d. Geothermal heating

a. Combustion

Which of the following is a byproduct of biomass combustion that can be used as a fertilizer? a. Methane b. Ash c. Carbon dioxide d. Water vapor

b. Ash

What is one environmental benefit of using biomass energy? a. It produces more greenhouse gasses than fossil fuels b. It helps reduce waste in landfills c. It is non-renewable d. It requires deforestation

b. It helps reduce waste in landfills

What type of biomass can be used to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion? a. Metal scraps b. Plastics c. Organic waste d. Glass

c. Organic waste

Which technology is often used in biomass power plants to reduce air pollution? a. Catalytic converters b. Electrostatic precipitators c. Solar panels d. Wind turbines

b. Electrostatic precipitators

Which of the following is a disadvantage of biomass energy? a. It is non-renewable b. It can lead to deforestation if not managed sustainably c. It emits more CO2 than coal d. It is more expensive than fossil fuels

b. It can lead to deforestation if not managed sustainably

Which country is one of the largest producers of biomass energy? a. Japan b. Canada c. Brazil d. Russia

c. Brazil

What is a biomass power plant? a. A plant that converts solar energy into electricity b. A facility that generates electricity from organic materials c. A plant that converts wind energy into electricity d. A facility that generates electricity from geothermal energy

b. A facility that generates electricity from organic materials

How does a biomass power plant generate electricity? a. Using photovoltaic cells b. By burning organic material to produce steam c. Using nuclear reactions d. By capturing wind energy

b. By burning organic material to produce steam

Which of the following materials can be used as biomass fuel? a. Coal b. Petroleum c. Agricultural residues d. Uranium

c. Agricultural residues

What is the process of breaking down organic material without oxygen to produce biogas called? a. Photosynthesis b. Fermentation c. Anaerobic digestion d. Combustion

c. Anaerobic digestion

What form of energy is stored in biomass? a. Chemical energy b. Kinetic energy c. Thermal energy d. Nuclear energy

a. Chemical energy

Which of the following is a sustainable practice for biomass energy? a. Clear-cutting forests for biomass production b. Using waste products and residues c. Burning fossil fuels to supplement biomass d. Disposing of ash in landfills

b. Using waste products and residues

Which among the following is not an advantage of biomass energy? a. Greenhouse gas emissions b. Carbon-neutral c. Abundant d. Reliable

a. Greenhouse gas emissions

Burning organic material consumes ____ ______ than the process generates a. Less energy b. Equal energy c. More energy d. No energy

c. More energy

Biomass energy plants require a considerable amount of space. Biomass is considered a carbon-neutral energy source because it fits into the natural carbon cycle. a. Only first statement is true b. Only second statement is true c. Both statements are false d. Both statements are true

d. Both statements are true

Which among the following is not a disadvantage of biomass energy. a. Waste reduction b. Inefficient c. Requires space d. Expensive

a. Waste reduction

Organic materials that are used in biomass energy are produced in large quantities every day and can be found almost anywhere. This makes biomass energy _________ a. Accessible b. Abundant c. Available d. Obtainable

b. Abundant

When biomass energy is produced, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere; this is the _________of carbon dioxide that was absorbed by the plants during their lifecycle. a. Lesser than b. More than c. No amount d. Same amount

d. Same amount

Despite being more expensive than other renewable options, biomass still proves to be a more affordable choice. Biomass energy is carbon-neutral; it does not emit carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. a. Only first statement is true b. Only second statement is true c. Both statements are false d. Both statements are true

a. Only first statement is true

______ does not involve regular transportation and storage costs a. Biomass energy b. Solar energy c. Fossil fuels d. None of these

b. Solar energy

In biomass energy, as long as there is ________ available, electricity can be generated. a. Power b. Equipment c. Biomass material d. Energy

c. Biomass material

Biomass energy in the Philippines vary from the use of rice/coconut husks dryers for ______ a. Crop drying b. Cogeneration c. Oven drying d. Burning

a. Crop drying

Other greenhouse gases that are emitted during the production of biomass energy are ______ a. Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and methane. b. Sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and methane. c. Carbon monoxide, and methane. d. Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides

a. Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and methane.

Biomass energy plants need storage for plants and area to grow their own organic material, this limits the locations where such plants can be constructed. Biomass energy ____________ which is one of its disadvantages a. Needs no space b. Can be easily relocated c. Requires space d. None of these

c. Requires space

Biomass energy is difficult to find and is not abundant. In biomass energy food wastes can be converted into energy. a. Only first statement is true b. Only second statement is true c. Both statements are false d. Both statements are true

b. Only second statement is true

Methane gas significantly contributes to air pollution and climate change, as it retains approximately __________heat than carbon dioxide. a. Equal amount of b. 30 time less c. 30 times more d. No amount of

c. 30 times more

Certain biomass plants depend on _____, which necessitate large quantities of phosphorus fertilizers for energy production. a. Plants b. Algae c. Fungi d. Bacteria

b. Algae