biology year nine Flashcards

1
Q

if the prefix is centi what do you multiply the unit by

A

0.01

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2
Q

if the prefix is micro what do you multiply the unit by

A

0.000001

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3
Q

if the prefix is nano what do you multiply the unit by

A

0.000000001

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4
Q

what does the nucleus do ?

A

the nucleus caries DNA its enclosed in a nuclear membrane it helps grow more cells

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5
Q

what does cytoplasm do ?

A

it contains enzymes chemical reactions can occur in it

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6
Q

what does the cell membrane do

A

it controls what enters and leaves the cell

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7
Q

what does mitochondria do

A

its were aerobic respiration reaction occurs

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8
Q

what does ribosomes do

A

its were photo synthesis occurs

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9
Q

what do chloroplasts do

A

its were photo synthesis occurs it has chlorophyll in it witch makes the leaf green

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10
Q

what does vacuole do

A

improves cells rigidity

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11
Q

what does the cell wall do

A

provides strength to a cell

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12
Q

what are plasmids

A

smal rings of dna

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13
Q

if the prefix is milli what do you multiply the unit by

A

0.001

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14
Q

what is the food test for starch

A

add drops of iodine and then if it goes blue / black then starch is present

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15
Q

whats the food test for glucose

A

add Benedict solution and put it int a bunsen burner and if it goes brick red then glucose is present

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16
Q

whats the test for protein

A

add copper sulphate and and sodium hydroxide if it turns purple then protein is present

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17
Q

whats the test for fat

A

add 2cm of ethanol and 2cm of water and if goes cloudy fat is present

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18
Q

what is a balanced diet

A

a balanced diet is eating the same amount of food from each food group but try and cut down on fats

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19
Q

what does water do

A

hydrates the body

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20
Q

what does protein do

A

groth and repair

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21
Q

what do vitamens and minerals do

A

to keep body healthy

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22
Q

what does fiber do

A

for energy and insulation

23
Q

what do lipids do

A

energy and insulation

24
Q

what do carbs do

A

main source of energy

25
Q

what are the 3 main enzymes

A

carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases

26
Q

what is used when you eat carbs

A

carbohydrases,

27
Q

what is used when u eat protien

28
Q

what is used when u eat fats

29
Q

what do carbohydrases break down into

A

simple sugars/glucose

30
Q

what do proteases break down into

A

amino acids

31
Q

what do lipases break down into

A

fatty acids and glycerol

32
Q

what does the mouth do

A

breaks down enzymes

33
Q

what does the oesophagus do

A

pushis down food using muscles to the stomach

34
Q

what does the stomach do

A

has hcl acid and proteases to break down protien

35
Q

what does the pancreas do

A

releses enzymes

36
Q

what does the small intestine do

A

all food types are digested there

37
Q

what does the large intestine do

A

water gets absorbed

38
Q

what does the rectom do

A

undigested food is stored there

39
Q

what does the anus do

A

it is were food is expeled

40
Q

what are arteries

A

they carry blood away from the heart
they are think muscular and have elastic walls
have high pressure

41
Q

what are capillaries

A

walls only one cell thick
blood flows slowly
low pressure

42
Q

what are veins

A

they carry blood back to the heart
thin eals
blood is low pressure

43
Q

what are the lungs 2 jobs

A

to get oxygen into the blood and to remove carbon dioxide

44
Q

how can you identify a eurayotic cell from its structure

A

it has nucleus , mitochondria and a cell membrains

45
Q

what are ribersomes

A

ribosomes make protien

46
Q

witch organelle releases energy through resperation

A

mitochondria

47
Q

whats the rolle of a cell wall

A

it protects the cell

48
Q

what are larger prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells

A

eukaryotic cells

49
Q

what structure is only found in prokaryotic cells

A

only has one loop of DNA

50
Q

whats an organ system

A

organs organisesed to make a organism

51
Q

what is uesed to stain plant cells

52
Q

witch part of a microscope is were you put the glass slide on

53
Q

what part of an microscope is used to make it focessed

A

the focussing knob