biology year nine Flashcards
if the prefix is centi what do you multiply the unit by
0.01
if the prefix is micro what do you multiply the unit by
0.000001
if the prefix is nano what do you multiply the unit by
0.000000001
what does the nucleus do ?
the nucleus caries DNA its enclosed in a nuclear membrane it helps grow more cells
what does cytoplasm do ?
it contains enzymes chemical reactions can occur in it
what does the cell membrane do
it controls what enters and leaves the cell
what does mitochondria do
its were aerobic respiration reaction occurs
what does ribosomes do
its were photo synthesis occurs
what do chloroplasts do
its were photo synthesis occurs it has chlorophyll in it witch makes the leaf green
what does vacuole do
improves cells rigidity
what does the cell wall do
provides strength to a cell
what are plasmids
smal rings of dna
if the prefix is milli what do you multiply the unit by
0.001
what is the food test for starch
add drops of iodine and then if it goes blue / black then starch is present
whats the food test for glucose
add Benedict solution and put it int a bunsen burner and if it goes brick red then glucose is present
whats the test for protein
add copper sulphate and and sodium hydroxide if it turns purple then protein is present
whats the test for fat
add 2cm of ethanol and 2cm of water and if goes cloudy fat is present
what is a balanced diet
a balanced diet is eating the same amount of food from each food group but try and cut down on fats
what does water do
hydrates the body
what does protein do
groth and repair
what do vitamens and minerals do
to keep body healthy
what does fiber do
for energy and insulation
what do lipids do
energy and insulation
what do carbs do
main source of energy
what are the 3 main enzymes
carbohydrases, proteases, and lipases
what is used when you eat carbs
carbohydrases,
what is used when u eat protien
proteases
what is used when u eat fats
lipases
what do carbohydrases break down into
simple sugars/glucose
what do proteases break down into
amino acids
what do lipases break down into
fatty acids and glycerol
what does the mouth do
breaks down enzymes
what does the oesophagus do
pushis down food using muscles to the stomach
what does the stomach do
has hcl acid and proteases to break down protien
what does the pancreas do
releses enzymes
what does the small intestine do
all food types are digested there
what does the large intestine do
water gets absorbed
what does the rectom do
undigested food is stored there
what does the anus do
it is were food is expeled
what are arteries
they carry blood away from the heart
they are think muscular and have elastic walls
have high pressure
what are capillaries
walls only one cell thick
blood flows slowly
low pressure
what are veins
they carry blood back to the heart
thin eals
blood is low pressure
what are the lungs 2 jobs
to get oxygen into the blood and to remove carbon dioxide
how can you identify a eurayotic cell from its structure
it has nucleus , mitochondria and a cell membrains
what are ribersomes
ribosomes make protien
witch organelle releases energy through resperation
mitochondria
whats the rolle of a cell wall
it protects the cell
what are larger prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells
what structure is only found in prokaryotic cells
only has one loop of DNA
whats an organ system
organs organisesed to make a organism
what is uesed to stain plant cells
iodine
witch part of a microscope is were you put the glass slide on
the stage
what part of an microscope is used to make it focessed
the focussing knob
