BIOLOGY YEAR 8 Flashcards
What are the building blocks that make up all living things?
Cells
Cells are the fundamental units of life.
What type of organisms are made up of one cell?
Unicellular organisms
Examples include bacteria and yeast.
What type of organisms are made up of many cells?
Multicellular organisms
Examples include plants and animals.
What are small structures within cells that have specific jobs called?
Organelles
Organelles perform various functions necessary for cell survival.
How are organelles similar to organs in the human body?
Both are parts of a larger system that perform specific functions
Organelles work together to maintain cellular health.
What allows us to classify cells?
The presence and absence of particular organelles
Different types of cells have unique sets of organelles.
What controls the centre of the cell?
Nucleus
What does the nucleus contain that is crucial for the cell?
Genetic information (DNA)
What are the instructions for the cell found in the nucleus?
DNA
In which types of cells is the nucleus found?
Both plant and animal cells
What does the cell membrane control?
Movement of substances into and out of a cell
What is one function of the cell membrane?
Holds the cell contents
In which types of cells is the cell membrane found?
Both plant and animal cells
What is the primary function of the cell wall?
Supports, strengthens and protects cells
The cell wall provides structural integrity and protection against environmental stresses.
In which types of cells is the cell wall found?
Only in plants, bacteria, and fungi
Animal cells do not possess a cell wall; they have a flexible cell membrane instead.
True or False: The cell wall is found in animal cells.
False
Animal cells lack a rigid cell wall and are instead surrounded by a plasma membrane.
What is the primary function of mitochondria?
Supplies the cell with energy using oxygen and food
Mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell.
In which process are mitochondria involved?
Cellular respiration
This process converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP.
Which types of cells contain mitochondria?
Both plant and animal cells
Mitochondria are essential organelles found in a wide range of eukaryotic cells.
What is a characteristic of more active cells regarding mitochondria?
They have larger numbers of mitochondria
For example, muscle cells require more energy and thus contain more mitochondria.
What is the primary function of chloroplasts?
Absorb light from the sun to use in photosynthesis
What process do chloroplasts facilitate in plants?
Photosynthesis
What do plants create through photosynthesis?
Sugars: glucose
What green pigment is contained in chloroplasts?
Chlorophyll
