Biology Unit 5: The Chemistry of Life

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Model

Answer 2

An explanation or representation of something that cannot be seen

Question 3

Element

Answer 3

A collection of atoms that all have the same number or protons

Question 4

Molecules

Answer 4

Chemicals that result from atoms linking together

Question 5

Physical Change

Answer 5

A change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance

Question 6

Chemical Change

Answer 6

A change that alters the makeup of the elements or molecules of a substance

Question 7

Phase

Answer 7

One of the three forms- solid, liquid, or gas -which every substance is capable of attaining

Question 8

Diffusion

Answer 8

The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 9

Concentration

Answer 9

A measurement of how much solute exists within a certain volume of solvent

Question 10

Semipermeable membrane

Answer 10

A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass through

Question 11

Osmosis

Answer 11

The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration

Question 12

Catalyst

Answer 12

A substance that alters the speed of a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process

Question 13

Organic Molecule

Answer 13

A molecule that contains only carbon and any of the following: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and/or phosphorus

Question 14

Biosynthesis

Answer 14

The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones

Question 15

Isomers

Answer 15

Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula

Question 16

Monosaccharides

Answer 16

Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms

Question 17

Disaccharides

Answer 17

Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides

Question 18

Polysaccharides

Answer 18

Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides

Question 19

Dehydration reaction

Answer 19

A chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water

Question 20

Hydrolysis

Answer 20

Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water

Question 21

Hydrophobic

Answer 21

Lacking any affinity to water, or molecules and surfaces repel water

Question 22

Saturated fat

Answer 22

A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 23

Unsaturated fat

Answer 23

A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms

Question 24

Peptide bond

Answer 24

A bond that links amino acids together in a protein

Question 25

Hydrogen bond

Answer 25

A strong attraction between hydrogen atoms and certain other atoms (usually oxygen or nitrogen) in specific molecules