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Science Year 8 > Biology Unit 1 (Digestion, Breathing, Gas Exchange, Skeleton, Muscles) > Flashcards

Biology Unit 1 (Digestion, Breathing, Gas Exchange, Skeleton, Muscles) Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the body need protein?

A

For growth and repair

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2
Q

Why does our body need carbohydrates?

A

For energy

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3
Q

Why does food need to be digested?

A

To make it small enough to be absorbed into the blood

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4
Q

Where is food absorbed?

A

The small intestine

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5
Q

What is deficient if someone has scurvy?

A

Vitamin C

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6
Q

What is starch digested into?

A

Sugar

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7
Q

Which enzyme digests starch?

A

Amylase

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8
Q

What are the 5 jobs for the skeleton?

A

Movement, support, making blood cells, protection, shape

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9
Q

What connects bones and muscles

A

Tendons

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10
Q

What connects bones to bones

A

Ligaments

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11
Q

What muscles contract to bend the arm?

A

Biceps

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12
Q

What muscles contract to straighten the arm?

A

Triceps

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13
Q

How does oxygen get from the alveoli into the blood?

A

By diffusion

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14
Q

Where does gas exchange happen?

A

In the alveoli

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15
Q

What are the organs in the digestive system?

A

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

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16
Q

What is the purpose of fats and lipids?

A

Energy store

17
Q

What do you need minerals and vitamins for?

A

Needed in small amounts to stay healthy

18
Q

What is fibre used for?

A

Helps the digestive system

19
Q

What is the purpose of water?

A

To keep our cells hydrated

20
Q

….goes in and …. Goes out (gas exchange)

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide

21
Q

What is ventilation?

A

Air going into and out of the lungs

22
Q

Gas exchange system?

A

Trachea, bronchi, bronchi-hole, air sacks, alveoli, diaphragm, intercostal muscles, ribs

23
Q

Materials at the end of bones to protect it from wearing away?

A

Cartilage

24
Q

Pair of muscles that work against each other to move the bone?

A

Antagonistic pairs

25
Q

The straightening of joints

A

Extension

26
Q

A substance that affects how the body works?

A

Drugs

27
Q

Joints diagram

A

Bone, cartilage, synovial fluid, ligaments, synovial membrane

28
Q

What is the mouth for (digestion)

A

Physically breaks up food and digests some carbohydrates

29
Q

What is the oesophagus for (digestion)

A

Connects the mouth to the stomach

30
Q

What is the stomach for (digestion)

A

Mixes the food and destroys pathogens eg bacteria with hydrochloric acid

31
Q

What is the small intestine for (digestion)

A

Site of most digestion and absorption into the blood

32
Q

What is the liver for (digestion)

A

Produces bile which helps in fat digestion

33
Q

What is the pancreas for (digestion)

A

Produces digestive enzymes which break up large food molecules

34
Q

What is the large intestine for (digestion)

A

Absorbs water leaving a solid stool

Science Year 8 (3 decks)

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