Biology Unit 1 Flashcards
What is function and features of red blood cell?
To carry oxygen and has a large surface area and has heamoglobin.
What is the function and features of white blood cell?
To destroy pathogens and can engulf cells and produce antibiotics.
What is the function and features of nerve cells?
To carry nerve impulses to differ parts of the body. It can carry signals around the body.
What is the function and feature of egg cell?
To join male cell and then make food until formed. Has lots of cytoplasm.
What are the function and features of sperm cell?
To reach the female cell and join. The long tail swims and has 23 chromosomes.
What are the functions and features of the root hair cell?
To absorb water and minerals in large surface area.
What are the functions and features of a leaf cell?
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis. It has a large surface area and lots of chloroplasts
What are the function and feature of of cell membrane?
Where chemicals reactions happens.
What is the function and feature of nucleus?
Controls what happens in the cell.
What are the functions and features of Mitochondria?
Where respiration generates happens.
What are the features and function of Chloroplast?
Where photosynthesis happens and has greens things called chlorophyll.
What is the feature and function of Vacuole?
Contains a liquid called sap.
What is the function of cell wall?
Made tough substance called cello use which supports the cell.
What is the cellular level
The smallest unit of life and are enclosed by a membrane.
What is the tissue level
Tissues are a group of similar functions.
What is the organ level
The organs are the two or more type of tissues that work together.
What is the organ system level
Is a group of organs that carry out more set of functions.
What does the root do
The root anchors the plant to the soil.
What does the stem do
The stem transports water and minerals to the leaves from the soil.
What do the leafs
The transpiration of water evaporates from the holes in the leaf.
What does DNA made of
Two strands of bases in a double helix
What is the double helix made of
They are made of chromosomes and cells
What chromosomes pair together
Adenine and thymine
Cytosine and guanine
What are the sections of DNA called and what are their functions
Genes, they use instructions for characteristics
Where to find chromosomes
Cell nucleus
How many chromosomes are in a normal human cell
46
What are different forms of the same gene called
Alleles
How do you get alleles
One comes from each parent
What are dominant alleles
It will produces the characteristics even if you have a restive allele
What are recessive allele
The characteristics are shown if you two recessive alleles
What is the cause of sickle cell anemia
Faulty recessive allele
How do you get sickle cell disease
By inheriting two copies of the recessive allele
How would you be a carrier of this
If you have healthy dominant copy of the allele and one faulty
What is a mutation
The change of DNA base sequence
What is the problem with mutation
It can cause cancer
What is homeostasis
It’s the maintenance of the internal environment
What parts make up the nervous system
The brain and the spinal cord
What are the two different types of nervous systems
Voluntary and involuntary
What does voluntary respond mean
Under your control. For example to put your hand up
What is involuntary
A fast reflex action like to protect your self
What happens in a reflex arch
It start of in your finger touching the pin. Then the impulse travels along the sensory neurone. the nerve then enters the spinal cord. It then passes across the synapse. The travels all the way back to your finger for the reaction.
What is the synapse
The gap between two nerve cells
How does an electrical impulse travel between nerves
Arrives at the first nerve . Then the chemical crosses the gap. The electrical impulse is started in the next nerve cell
What are the differences between nerves and hormones
Nerves have a faster communication, they transmit through electricity and they have a short duration
What happens widen the glucose levels are too high
The insulin is secreted into the blood, then the liver converts glucose into glycogen and the glucose level goes down
What happens when the glucose level is too low
The insulin is not secreted into the blood, the liver does not convert glucose into glycogen and the glucose level goes up
What are the ways in which the body gains heat
Respiration, shivering, less blood flow, exercise and warming clothes
How does the body lose heat in hot conditions
More blood flow, more sweating and wearing fewer clothes
