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BTEC SCIENCE > Biology Unit 1 > Flashcards

Biology Unit 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is function and features of red blood cell?

A

To carry oxygen and has a large surface area and has heamoglobin.

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2
Q

What is the function and features of white blood cell?

A

To destroy pathogens and can engulf cells and produce antibiotics.

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3
Q

What is the function and features of nerve cells?

A

To carry nerve impulses to differ parts of the body. It can carry signals around the body.

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4
Q

What is the function and feature of egg cell?

A

To join male cell and then make food until formed. Has lots of cytoplasm.

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5
Q

What are the function and features of sperm cell?

A

To reach the female cell and join. The long tail swims and has 23 chromosomes.

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6
Q

What are the functions and features of the root hair cell?

A

To absorb water and minerals in large surface area.

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7
Q

What are the functions and features of a leaf cell?

A

To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis. It has a large surface area and lots of chloroplasts

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8
Q

What are the function and feature of of cell membrane?

A

Where chemicals reactions happens.

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9
Q

What is the function and feature of nucleus?

A

Controls what happens in the cell.

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10
Q

What are the functions and features of Mitochondria?

A

Where respiration generates happens.

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11
Q

What are the features and function of Chloroplast?

A

Where photosynthesis happens and has greens things called chlorophyll.

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12
Q

What is the feature and function of Vacuole?

A

Contains a liquid called sap.

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13
Q

What is the function of cell wall?

A

Made tough substance called cello use which supports the cell.

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14
Q

What is the cellular level

A

The smallest unit of life and are enclosed by a membrane.

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15
Q

What is the tissue level

A

Tissues are a group of similar functions.

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16
Q

What is the organ level

A

The organs are the two or more type of tissues that work together.

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17
Q

What is the organ system level

A

Is a group of organs that carry out more set of functions.

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18
Q

What does the root do

A

The root anchors the plant to the soil.

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19
Q

What does the stem do

A

The stem transports water and minerals to the leaves from the soil.

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20
Q

What do the leafs

A

The transpiration of water evaporates from the holes in the leaf.

21
Q

What does DNA made of

A

Two strands of bases in a double helix

22
Q

What is the double helix made of

A

They are made of chromosomes and cells

23
Q

What chromosomes pair together

A

Adenine and thymine

Cytosine and guanine

24
Q

What are the sections of DNA called and what are their functions

A

Genes, they use instructions for characteristics

25
Q

Where to find chromosomes

A

Cell nucleus

26
Q

How many chromosomes are in a normal human cell

A

46

27
Q

What are different forms of the same gene called

A

Alleles

28
Q

How do you get alleles

A

One comes from each parent

29
Q

What are dominant alleles

A

It will produces the characteristics even if you have a restive allele

30
Q

What are recessive allele

A

The characteristics are shown if you two recessive alleles

31
Q

What is the cause of sickle cell anemia

A

Faulty recessive allele

32
Q

How do you get sickle cell disease

A

By inheriting two copies of the recessive allele

33
Q

How would you be a carrier of this

A

If you have healthy dominant copy of the allele and one faulty

34
Q

What is a mutation

A

The change of DNA base sequence

35
Q

What is the problem with mutation

A

It can cause cancer

36
Q

What is homeostasis

A

It’s the maintenance of the internal environment

37
Q

What parts make up the nervous system

A

The brain and the spinal cord

38
Q

What are the two different types of nervous systems

A

Voluntary and involuntary

39
Q

What does voluntary respond mean

A

Under your control. For example to put your hand up

40
Q

What is involuntary

A

A fast reflex action like to protect your self

41
Q

What happens in a reflex arch

A

It start of in your finger touching the pin. Then the impulse travels along the sensory neurone. the nerve then enters the spinal cord. It then passes across the synapse. The travels all the way back to your finger for the reaction.

42
Q

What is the synapse

A

The gap between two nerve cells

43
Q

How does an electrical impulse travel between nerves

A

Arrives at the first nerve . Then the chemical crosses the gap. The electrical impulse is started in the next nerve cell

44
Q

What are the differences between nerves and hormones

A

Nerves have a faster communication, they transmit through electricity and they have a short duration

45
Q

What happens widen the glucose levels are too high

A

The insulin is secreted into the blood, then the liver converts glucose into glycogen and the glucose level goes down

46
Q

What happens when the glucose level is too low

A

The insulin is not secreted into the blood, the liver does not convert glucose into glycogen and the glucose level goes up

47
Q

What are the ways in which the body gains heat

A

Respiration, shivering, less blood flow, exercise and warming clothes

48
Q

How does the body lose heat in hot conditions

A

More blood flow, more sweating and wearing fewer clothes

BTEC SCIENCE (3 decks)

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