Biology Topic 4

Question 1

Define biodiversity

Answer 1

The variety of living organisms in an area.

Question 2

Define species diversity

Answer 2

The number of different species and the abundance of each species in an area.

Question 3

Define genetic diversity

Answer 3

The variation of alleles within a species

Question 4

Define endemism

Answer 4

When a species is unique to a single place

Question 5

What is a niche

Answer 5

the role within the community

Question 6

What is anatomical adaptations

Answer 6

physical adaptations(external or internal that improves chances of survival e.g. fur to keep warm

Question 7

What is behavioural adaptations

Answer 7

Changes on behaviour which improves the chances of survival e.g. mating calls

Question 8

What is physiological adaptations

Answer 8

Processes that increase the chances of survival e.g. hibernation

Question 9

What is natural selction

Answer 9

The process in which fitter individuals who are better adapted to the environment survive and pass on the advantageous alleles to future generations.

Question 10

What is evolution

Answer 10

The process by which the frequency of alleles in a gene pool changes over time as a result of natural selection.

Question 11

How can natural selection lead to adaptation and evolution

Answer 11

• A variety of phenotypes exist within a population due to mutation.
• An environmental change occurs and as a result of that the selection pressure changes.
• Some individuals possess advantageous alleles which give them a selective advantage and allow them to survive and reproduce.
• The advantageous alleles are passed on to their offspring.
• Over time, the frequency of alleles in a population changes

Question 12

What are the conditions of the hardy weinberg equation

Answer 12

• No mutations
• Random mating
• Large population
• Isolated population
• No selection pressure

Question 13

How can reproductive isolation lead to accumulation of different genetic information

Answer 13

New species will be formed due to accumulation of different genetic information in populations over time due to different environments and selection pressures.

Question 14

What is classification

Answer 14

A means of organising the variety of life based on relationships between organisms using differences and similarities in phenotypes and genotypes

Question 15

What are the stages of classification

Answer 15

Dear- Domain
King- Kingdom
Phillip- Phylum
Come- Class 
Over- Order
For- Family
Great- Genus
Soup- Species