biology - the heart

Question 1

What are Cells?

Answer 1

The basic unit of all forms of life.

Question 2

Why do Cells differentiate?

Answer 2

To become specialised and carry out specific functions.

Question 3

What is a Tissue?

Answer 3

A group of cells with similar structure and function working together.

Question 4

What are Organs?

Answer 4

Tissues that are working together to perform a common function.

Question 5

What is the Organ System?

Answer 5

A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function.

Question 6

What is Digestion?

Answer 6

The process of breaking down large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules.

Question 7

What is the test for Starch?

Answer 7

The Iodine Test.

Question 8

What is the Benedict Test for?

Answer 8

To test for Glucose.

Question 9

What is the test for Protein?

Answer 9

The Biuret Test.

Question 10

What are enzymes?

Answer 10

Biological catalysts that speed up a chemical reaction without changing or being used up.

Question 11

What do enzymes act on?

Answer 11

A substrate molecule.

Question 12

What is the Active Site?

Answer 12

The part of the enzyme in which the reaction occurs.

Question 13

What two factors affect the rate of Enzyme Activity?

Answer 13

PH and Temperature.

Question 14

What is the optimum temperature for most Enzymes?

Answer 14

40C°

Question 15

The optimum temperature for Enzymes vary. What condition does Amylase and Pepsin (a protease) work best?

Answer 15

Amylase works best in slightly alkali conditions and pepsin works best in acidic conditions.

Question 16

What is the substrate molecule for Amylase?

Answer 16

Carbohydrate. This is broken down into glucose.

Question 17

Where is Amylase produced?

Answer 17

In the Salivary gland and Pancreas.

Question 18

What is the substrate molecule for Lipase?

Answer 18

Lipids/Fats. This is broken down into Glycerol and Fatty Acids.

Question 19

Where is Lipase produced?

Answer 19

In the Pancreas and Small Intestine.

Question 20

What is the substrate molecule fore Protease?

Answer 20

Protein. This is broken down into Amino Acids.

Question 21

Where is Protease produced?

Answer 21

In the Pancreas, Stomach and Small Intestine.

Question 22

What does Bile do?

Answer 22

Neutralises Acid that was added to the food in the stomach providing alkali pH for amylase and lipase. It can also emulsify fat.

Question 23

Where is Bile produced?

Answer 23

In the Liver and stored in the Gall Bladder.

Question 24

When does Denaturation occur?

Answer 24

In enzyme when there is a change in the shape of the active site and the substrate can no longer fit.

Question 25

What are the four components blood is made of?

Answer 25

The Plasma, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells and Platelets.

Question 26

What is the function of the Plasma?

Answer 26

To carry CO2 (Carbon Dioxide), Urea, Nutrients and Hormones.

Question 27

What is the function of Red Blood Cells?

Answer 27

To carry oxygen around the body using Haemoglobin.

Question 28

What is the function of White Blood Cells?

Answer 28

To destroy the Pathogens that cause diseases.

Question 29

What is the function of Platelets?

Answer 29

They are small fragments of cells which are responsible for the clotting of blood.

Question 30

What are the three types of blood vessels?

Answer 30

Arteries, Veins and Capillaries.

Question 31

What is the function of Arteries?

Answer 31

To carry oxygenated blood away form the heart.

Question 32

What is the function of Veins?

Answer 32

To carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

Question 33

What is the function of Capillaries?

Answer 33

They are very small blood vessels where exchange of substances take place.

Question 34

What is the function of the Pulmonary Vein?

Answer 34

TO carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Question 35

What is the function of Pulmonary Artery?

Answer 35

To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

Question 36

The heart is made of four chambers. What are they called?

Answer 36

The top two chambers are called the Atria (atrium is one) and the bottom two are called the Ventricles.

Question 37

The right side of the Heart pumps blood...

Answer 37

...which is low in oxygen into the lungs.

Question 38

The left side of the Heart pumps blood...

Answer 38

...which is high in oxygen around the body.

Question 39

What does Systematic Circulation do?

Answer 39

Carrie oxygenated blood and nutrients around the body and return the waste products that have to be removed form our body.

Question 40

What does Pulmonary Circulation do?

Answer 40

Carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs it also carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Question 41

What is the function of the Respiratory System?

Answer 41

Getting Oxygen into the blood cells and CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) out of the blood Plasma to be breathed out.