Biology Test Flashcards
Organs and tissues
Order and descriptions
Tissue -> organ -> organ system
Tissue is made up of one or more types of cells
Organs are made up of one or more type of tissue
Organ systems are made up of multiple different organs
Muscular system
Consists of layers of muscle covering the skeleton and joints
Contract and relax to produce movement
Skeletal system
Strong flexible network of bones and connective tissue
Provides support for the body and protection for internal organs
Circulatory system
Heart and network of blood vessels that carry blood vessels that carry blood
Supplies nutrients and removes wastes from the body’s cells
Nervous system
Brain, spinal cord and network of nerves
The body’s control system
Respiratory system
Gas exchange
Provides a surface to exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide (waste)
Pathway
The tubes leading to the lungs
Digestive system
The group of organs that break down food and absorb the nutrients used by the body for fuels
Takes in food, digest it, absorbs nutrients, eliminates wastes
Types of tissues
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
Epithelial tissue
Example
Description
And function
Eg) skin, lining of digestive system, cheek cells
Description: thin sheets of tightly packed cells covering surfaces and lining internal organs
Functions: protein from dehydration, low friction surfaces
Connective tissue
Example
Description
And function
Example: bone, tendons, blood*, fat tissue
Description: various types of cells and fibres held together by a liquid, solid, or gas known as matrix
Function: support, Insulation
Muscle tissue
Example
Description
And function
Example: muscles
- skeletal: moves bones voluntarily
- cardiac: heart, involuntary
- smooth: organs, involuntary
Description: bundles of long cells called muscle fibres that contain specialized proteins capable shortening or contracting
Function: movement
Nerve tissue
Example
Description
And function
Example: brain, nerves in sensory organs
Description: long thin cells with fine branches. Capable of conductive electrical impulses
Function: communicate within the body, sensory, coordinations of body functions
Digestive system parts and functions
Work book page 173
It’s 1 AM wat do u want
Gas exchange
Requirements:
- moist
- thin
- large surface area
Respiratory system
Parts and functions
Diagram and functions in Wb pg 182 it’s 1 AM wat do u want
Nasal passages Oral cavity Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Trachea Bronchus Bronchiole Alveoli Diaphragm
Contents of blood
Blood is a connective tissue 4 components: Red blood cells - erythrocytes Function: transport oxygen White blood cells - leukocytes - lymphocytes Function: fight infection Platelets - thrombocytes Function: help in blood clotting Plasma Function: protein rich liquid that carries the blood cells along
Main parts of circulatory system
- blood
- heart
- blood vessels
Blood vessels
Arteries - carry blood AWAY from heart
Capillaries - tiny blood vessels with thin walls that allow diffusion to occur( connect arterie to vein)
Veins - carry blood to heart
Chart on lined paper in binder
Substances transported by circulatory system
Nutrients Oxygen Carbon dioxide Other wastes Hormones Etc
Systems in flowering plants
Shoot system
Includes stem, leaves, flower, and fruit
Conducts photosynthesis(leaves) and sexual reproduction( flowers)
Some leaves are adapted for support, protection, reproduction, and attraction
Flowers contain male or female of both reproductive structures
Eggs are fertilized by pollen to produce seeds, usually contained inside a fruit
Pollination can occur with the help of wind, or animals
Stem supports other plant parts and transports materials
Root system - usually found underground
Absorbs water and minerals from soil and store food
Useful source of foods, flavouring, fibres, and natural remedies
Plant tissue systems
Dermal tissue - forms outer surface of plant parts
- epidermal tissue
- periderm
Vascular tissue - cells specialized for transport
- xylem
- phloem
Ground tissue - makes up other structures
Performs photosynthesis, storage
More detail wb pg 190
Xylem vs phloem
Xylem - one way only - water and minerals - no end walls between cells - thick walls stiffened with lignin - dead cells Phloem - water and food - cells have end walls with perforations - two way flow - living More detail wb pg 192
Leaf anatomy
Wb pg 194
Human body systems
Muscular system Skeletal system Circulatory system Nervous system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Endocrine system Digestive system Excretory system Reproductive system
