Biology Semester 1 Final

Question 1

What is the policy regarding eating and drinking in the lab?

Answer 1

Eating and drinking are completely prohibited in the lab.

Question 2

What type of attire is required on lab days?

Answer 2

Goggles, lab coat, closed-toe shoes, and aprons

Question 3

What is the policy on behavior in the lab and classroom?

Answer 3

Horseplay is prohibited in both the lab and the classroom.

Question 4

How important is it to follow instructions given by the lab instructor?

Answer 4

Extremely important; all instructions must be followed.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight characteristics of life?

Answer 5

Ability to Move

Question 6

What characteristic of life involves an organism’s ability to respond to environmental changes?

Answer 6

Response to Stimuli

Question 7

Which characteristic of life describes the process by which organisms maintain stable internal conditions?

Answer 7

Homeostasis

Question 8

Which characteristic of life is concerned with the passing of genetic material to offspring?

Answer 8

Reproduction

Question 9

What characteristic involves the process by which organisms change over time to better suit their environment?

Answer 9

Evolution

Question 10

Which characteristic of life is essential for all living organisms to achieve energy transformation and use energy?

Answer 10

Metabolism

Question 11

All living organisms must be able to move to be considered alive.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Reproduction is a characteristic of life that involves the creation of new organisms.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Homeostasis is a characteristic of life that describes how organisms adapt to their environment over time.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Growth and development are not necessary characteristics of life.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

The first step in the scientific method is to make an _______ about a phenomenon or problem.

Answer 15

Observation

Question 16

o test the hypothesis, an experiment is designed where the scientist manipulates the _______ variable and measures its effect on the _______ variable.

Answer 16

Independent, Dependent

Question 17

The factor that is kept constant throughout the experiment is called the _______ variable.

Answer 17

Control

Question 18

In a well-designed experiment, a _______ group is used as a baseline to compare with the experimental group.

Answer 18

Control

Question 19

How many millimeters are in 3 centimeters?

Answer 19

30mm

Question 20

Convert 500 grams to kilograms.

Answer 20

0.5kg

Question 21

1,000 millimeters is equivalent to 1 meter.

Answer 21

true

Question 22

100 milliliters is equivalent to 0.1 liters.

Answer 22

true

Question 23

0.75 meters is equal to 75 centimeters.

Answer 23

true

Question 24

0.00000023 converted to scientific notation is 2.3 x 10^6

Answer 24

false

Question 25

The solar system consists of

Answer 25

The sun and all other bodies that revolve around the sun

Question 26

In 1769, LaPlace hypothesized that the solar system formed at one time from a large, rotating cloud of gas and dust. This is the:

Answer 26

Nebular Hypothesis

Question 27

At 10,000,000 degrees Celsius, hydrogen atoms fused to form helium through the process of:

Answer 27

Nuclear Fusion

Question 28

When matter spinning around the sun began to pull together due to gravity, ______________ formed from the repeated collisions

Answer 28

Protoplanets

Question 29

When gravity pulled more matter together to form larger Protoplanets, they eventually formed our:

Answer 29

Planets and Moons

Question 30

Scientists believe the Earth formed __________ years ago.

Answer 30

4.6 Billion

Question 31

_________________ was very hot, volcanic, and bombarded constantly by meteorites.

Answer 31

Early Earth

Question 32

The first forms of life may have appeared about ____________ years ago.

Answer 32

3.5 Billion

Question 33

Using ________________, we have been able to date the Earth to be approximately 4.6 billion years old.

Answer 33

Radiometric Dating

Question 34

_______________ is the amount of time it takes for half of the original isotope to decay.

Answer 34

Half Life

Question 35

______________ is a method used to determine the age of rocks by comparing them with layers of rocks.

Answer 35

Superposition

Question 36

This is the largest expanse of time.

Answer 36

Eaons

Question 37

Each Era is divided into_________.

Answer 37

Periods

Question 38

This scale divides the history of Earth into specific segments of time.

Answer 38

Geologic Time Scale

Question 39

Each Eon is divided into

Answer 39

Eras

Question 40

This scientist said flies come from other flies.

Answer 40

Francesco Redi

Question 41

These scientists showed that simple organic molecules could be formed from inorganic compounds.

Answer 41

Miller and Urey

Question 42

This scientist came up with the theory of biogenesis.

Answer 42

Louis Pasteur

Question 43

What scientists came up with the Primordial Soup Hypothesis?

Answer 43

Oparin and Haldane

Question 44

What scientist came up with the Endosymbiont Theory?

Answer 44

Lynn Margulis

Question 45

_________ was an English scientist who made important observations about the origins of species.

Answer 45

Charles Darwin

Question 46

In 1835, the HMS Beagle arrived in the _____________ islands.

Answer 46

Galapagos

Question 47

Darwin published his findings in the book ____________ by Natural Selection in 1859.

Answer 47

On the Origin of Species

Question 48

_____________ traits are newly evolved features that do not appear in fossils of common ancestors.

Answer 48

Derived

Question 49

____________ traits are primitive features that do appear in the fossils of common ancestors.

Answer 49

Ancestral

Question 50

Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drawn from studying comparative anatomy?

Answer 50

Species with similar structures are likely to be genetically related

Question 51

What did Darwin observe about South American animals during his travels?

Answer 51

South American animals were more similar to other South American animals than to animals in Europe

Question 52

What was the primary observation Darwin made about the finches on the Galápagos Islands?

Answer 52

They had slight differences depending on which island they lived on.

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of natural selection according to Darwin?

Answer 53

Traits are passed on regardless of their impact on survival.

Question 54

What is the main difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

Answer 54

In artificial selection, humans choose traits for reproduction, while in natural selection, the environment determines which traits are beneficial.

Question 55

Which concept explains how species change over time to fit their environment?

Answer 55

Natural Selection

Question 56

What are homologous structures?

Answer 56

Structures inherited from a common ancestor that have a similar structure in different species

Question 57

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in humans?

Answer 57

The human appendix

Question 58

Which of the following is an example of analogous structures?

Answer 58

The wings of birds and the wings of insects

Question 59

Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drawn from studying comparative anatomy?

Answer 59

Species with similar structures are likely to be genetically related.

Question 60

The theory of evolution by natural selection predicts that species will __________.

Answer 60

Change gradually through the accumulation of small, beneficial variations.

Question 61

What do similarities in DNA and RNA sequences between species indicate?

Answer 61

a common evolutionary ancestor

Question 62

Which of the following is a characteristic of derived traits in evolutionary biology?

Answer 62

Derived traits are newly evolved features that appear in some species but not in their common ancestors.

Question 63

The presence of a tail and pharyngeal pouches in vertebrate embryos suggests that vertebrates share a __________.

Answer 63

common ancestor

Question 64

What is the main difference between mimicry and camouflage?

Answer 64

Camouflage allows species to blend in with the environment, while mimicry involves resembling another species.

Question 65

What is one of the key characteristics of primates' manual dexterity?

Answer 65

They have an opposable first digit (thumb or great toe) that is set apart from the other digits.

Question 66

What does "binocular vision" allow primates to do?

Answer 66

Have overlapping fields of vision, allowing for depth perception

Question 67

What is a key characteristic of primate locomotion?

Answer 67

Primates have more flexible hips and shoulders, allowing them to swing from branch to branch.

Question 68

What is unique about primate brain development?

Answer 68

Primates have the largest brain in proportion to body size

Question 69

Why do primates have fewer offspring than many other animals?

Answer 69

Primate babies are more attached to their mothers and dependent on them for a longer period of time.

Question 70

Which adaptation in primates helps them grasp and manipulate objects?

Answer 70

Their opposable first digit on both hands and feet

Question 71

Which of the following is a characteristic of human evolution?

Answer 71

Humans have a bipedal locomotion, allowing them to walk upright on two legs.

Question 72

What is the main difference between diurnal and nocturnal primates?

Answer 72

Diurnal primates are active during the day and see in color, while nocturnal primates are active at night and see in black and white.

Question 73

Which of the following is a characteristic of Old World Monkeys?

Answer 73

They do not have prehensile tails

Question 74

What is a key characteristic of New World Monkeys?

Answer 74

They have prehensile tails that function like a fifth limb.

Question 75

Which of the following best describes a hominoid?

Answer 75

All non-monkey anthropoids, including humans and great apes like chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.

Question 76

What is a characteristic of hominids

Answer 76

They have no tail and possess large brains in proportion to body size.

Question 77

Which of the following is a characteristic of hominins

Answer 77

Bipedalism, the ability to walk on two legs.

Question 78

______: Organisms are unicellular and prokaryotic, and live in extreme environments such as hot springs or salty lakes.

Answer 78

Domain Archaea

Question 79

______: Organisms are unicellular and prokaryotic, found in common environments like soil, water, and on your skin.

Answer 79

Domain Bacteria

Question 80

______: Organisms are multicellular or unicellular, with complex cells that contain a nucleus, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Answer 80

Domain Eukarya

Question 81

Domain Archaea has the kingdom of _____________.

Answer 81

Archaebacteria

Question 82

Domain Bacteria has the kingdom of _____________.

Answer 82

Eubacteria

Question 83

Domain Eukarya includes which of the following kingdoms?

Answer 83

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

Question 84

Which of the following kingdoms is NOT found in Domain Eukarya

Answer 84

Bacteria

Question 85

Which of the following is a kingdom within Domain Eukarya?

Answer 85

Protista