Biology SAQ Flashcards
Def of DNA?
Molecular evidence showing common ancestry or variation
Def of Artificial Selection?
Process by which humans create organisms with desirable traits
Def of Variation
Refers to differences in individuals in a population
Def of Isolation?
Cause of speciation on islands, regions, or behaviors
Cause of speciation on island, regions, or behaviros
isolation
Islands’ isolation led to changes in these reptile populations
Anole Lizards
What is the study of Fetal developement?
Embryology
What are analogous structures?
Structres with similar functions but not similar anatomy or development
What is a vestigial function?
Structures of the body that have no function
What is inheritance?
Refers to how traits are passed from parents to offspring
What is competition?
A form of selective pressures
What is evolution?
The Theory that species change over time
What are adaptations?
Traits that help organisms survive and reproduce
The cranial bone that helps reveal many stories about a once living thing
The skull
What are the five types of fossils?
- Body Fossils - actual remains
2.Trace fossils - footprints - Cast Fossils - Mold gets filled with minerals or sediment
- Petrified Fossils - When orgnaic material is replaced with minerals
5.Amber
6.Ice - Tar
How do scientist date fossils
Carbon Dating
Radiometric Dating - is a method used to determine the age of rocks, fossils, and other materials by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes
What were 3 main observations Darwin made that lead to this Theory of Evolution
Variation in Species
Fossil Records
Geographical Distribution
Be able to identify and explain 6 pieces of evidence that support T.O.E
Fossil Record: Shows gradual changes and transitional forms between species.
Comparative Anatomy: Similar structures (e.g., forelimbs) indicate common ancestry
Molecular Biology: DNA similarities (e.g., humans and chimpanzees) suggest shared ancestry.
Embryology: Similar early developmental stages across species indicate common origins.
Biogeography: Unique adaptations in isolated environments (e.g., Darwin’s finches) reflect evolutionary processes.
Observational Evidence: Real-time examples, like natural selection in peppered moths, demonstrate evolution in action.
How does isolation affect speciation
Geographic Isolation: Physical barriers separate groups.
Reproductive Isolation: Differences in mating behaviors or timing prevent breeding.
Ecological Isolation: Populations adapt to different habitats.
Behavioral Isolation: Different mating rituals keep groups apart.
Temporal Isolation: Breeding at different times prevents mating.
Cladogram
A diagram that reveals many stories about a once living thing.
Natural Selection
The process by which evolution occurs.
Pocket Mice
Organisms that show genotype and phenotype due to biogeography.
Fossils
Remains of an organism that lived in the past.
