Biology Quiz 2 Flashcards
Passive transport
movement of materials across a cell membrane without energy
Active transport
requires energy to move across cell membrane against a concentration gradient.
hypertonic solutions
the concentration of solutions is higher outside the cell than the concentration of solutes inside the cell. (H2O out)
hypotonic solutions
the concentration of solutes is lower outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell. (H2O in )
isotonic solutions
the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration inside the cell.
liposomes
closed bilayer structures spontaneously formed by hydrated phospholipids
receptor proteins
bind to certain molecules to bring them into the cell by endocytosis, some virus target human cells.
SA:V ratios
higher ratios are better because it increases the opportunity to interact
endocytosis
taking materials into the cell by pockets in the cell membrane (active)
Phagocytosis
just like endocytosis, only particles are solid and large go through.
Pintocytosis
when liquids are taken up by membrane folding
Exocytosis
the process by which large particles leave the cell
turgid
full of water
Flaccid
lacking water
facilitated diffusion
like regular diffusion except it uses a carrier protein to move solutes across the membrane. no energy
