Biology~plants Flashcards

1
Q

Flower

A

Flower is for reproduction it makes seeds it contains make and female sex organs

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2
Q

Leaf

A

Makes food for the plant (photosynthesis) cools the plant when water vapor passes through it allowed the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen lead stored food(e.g lettuce,cabbage,cress and spinach

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3
Q

Fruit

A

Protects seeds and provides food for the seeds

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4
Q

The bud

A

Allows new leaves to grow

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5
Q

Stem

A

The stem allows the transport of food water and minerals around the plant it also supports the plant and holds it upright stems store food(eg potato

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6
Q

Roots

A

Anchor and support,take in water and nutrients and store food (e.g carrots and turnips

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7
Q

Transport in plants

A

There are vessels in a plant,the xylem and phloem

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8
Q

Xylem

A

Water is absorbed up through the roots and travels to the leaves and the tips of the plant through the xylem.

Minerals from the soil are dissolved in the water and so travel in the xylem also

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9
Q

Phloem

A

Food from the leaves travels from other parts of the plant in the phloem

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10
Q

Transpiration

A

Is the loss of water vapor from the stomata of the leaves(like plant equivalent of sweating)

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11
Q

Stomata

A

Are little holes on the underside of the leaves

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12
Q

Transpiration stream

A

The flow of water from the roots up through the plant and out the leaves is called the transpiration stream

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13
Q

Stimulus

A

A stimulus is anything that causes a response in an organism

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14
Q

Plants respond to the stimuli

A

Plants respond to the stimuli of light and gravity

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15
Q

Shoots tropism

A

Shoots/stems are positively phototropic,negatively geotropic

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16
Q

Roots tropism

A

Roots are negitively photo trophic,positively geotrpic

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17
Q

Why is geotropism good

A

It makes sure plant roots travel down to find water and minerals in soil having deep roots means the plant is anchored in the soil

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18
Q

Why is phototropism good

A

It makes sure plants get enough light for photosynthesis so that they can make food

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19
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Is the process where green plants make food using light energy

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20
Q

Chlorophyll

A

Is a green chemical needed for photosynthesis found in chloroplasts in plant cells

21
Q

Stomata

A

Leaves have tiny holes in them to allow a Egan out and carbon dioxide in they are called stomata

22
Q

Male cells

A

Are called pollen

23
Q

Female cells

A

Are called eggs

24
Q

Sepal

A

Protects the flower before it blooms

25
Petals
Colored and scented to attract insects
26
Male parts
Stamen made up of filament and anther
27
Filament
Holds up anther
28
Anther
Makes pollen
29
Female parts
Carpel made up of the stigma and ovary
30
Ovary
Makes the egg or ovule
31
Stigma
Pollen lands on it and sticks to it
32
Style
Makes a tube for the pollen to reveal down to the egg
33
Pollination
is the transfer of the pollen from the stamen (anther) of one plant to the carpel (stigma) of another
34
Fertilization
Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete nucleus with the female gamete nucleus to form a zygote
35
Seed an fruit formation
After fertilisation the fertilised egg | becomes the seed.The ovary swells to become the fruit
36
Seed dispersal
Seed dispersal is the way plants spread their seeds around.Seeds need to be carried away from the parent plant so they won’t compete for space, light, water and minerals
37
Germination
Germination is the growth of seeds into a new plant | • Seeds need water, oxygen and heat to germinate
38
Zygote
When the male and female nucleus fuse they form the zygote
39
Plumule
The plumule will become the plant shoot
40
Radicle
The radicle will become the plant root
41
Seed
After fertilization the fertilized egg becomes the seed
42
Ovary
The ovary then becomes the actual fruit
43
Functions of the Fruit
- Fruit protects the seed or seeds - Fruit allows the seed to be carried away from the plants - some fruits provide food for the seed to develope
44
Fleshy fruit
examples would be Strawberries or melon
45
Dry fruit
Examples would be dandelion seeds or sycamore seeds
46
Animal dispersal
When fleshy fruits are eaten by animals or birds.the seeds pass unharmed through the animal and come out in faeces somewhere else
47
Wind dispersal
Examples would be dandelion (parachute)and sycamore seeds(helicopters)
48
Water dispersal
An example would be Water Lily’s
49
Cutting
Sometimes if a leaf or a piece of stem from a plant is cut off and planted it can grow into another plant e.g