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Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Overies

A

Store and release eggs

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2
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

The Fallopian tubes carry the egg to the uterus fertilization occurs here

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3
Q

Uterus

A

The uterus (womb) is where the fertilized egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

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4
Q

Cervix

A

The cervix leads from the vagina to the uterus

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5
Q

Vagina

A

The vagina holds the male penis during sexual intercourse

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6
Q

Menstration or period

A

The uterus becomes thicker and rich in blood vessels to be ready to receive the egg if the egg is not fertilized by a sperm the thickened uterus lining is not needed and will break away the lining and a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina this is called menstruation or a period

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7
Q

The fertile period

A

These are the days of the menstrul cycle when the women most likely to become pregnant

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8
Q

Menopause

A

Signs that a women’s ability to reproduce is coming to an end

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9
Q

Testes

A

Produce sperm

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10
Q

Scrotum

A

Is located outside of the body to ensure that the temperature is good for healthy sperm

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11
Q

Epididymiss

A

A coiled tube on the outside of each testes that stores sperm and allows to mature fully

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12
Q

Vas deferens

A

Sperm duct brings the sperm from the testes to the penis

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13
Q

Fertilization

A

The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuses together to form a fertilized egg

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14
Q

Seminal vesicles prostate gland and Cowper’s gland

A

Produces seminal fluid which mixes with sperm to form semen

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15
Q

Embryo

A

The fertilized egg then divides a number of times and the tiny group of cells moves down the Fallopian tubes to the uterus

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16
Q

Puberty

A

Between the ages of 10 and 16 the reproductive organs grow and mature

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17
Q

Male puberty

A

Male sex organs begin to develop hair grows voice depens

18
Q

Pregnancy

A

The average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks which is around 9 months

19
Q

Amniotic fluid

A

The fluid provides a cushion for the embryo

20
Q

Placenta

A

The placenta is rich in blood vessels.it is here at the placenta that food and oxegyn from the mothers blood pass into the baby’s food

21
Q

Labor

A

Is when the birth of the baby begins and the uterus muscles start to contract

22
Q

Waters break

A

The bag of amniotic fluid bursts and further contractions push the baby out usually head first

23
Q

After birth

A

The umbilical cord is cut and the placenta comes out after

24
Q

Lactation

A

The production of breastmilk

25
Q

Colostrum

A

Is the first three days of milk is very nutritious and helps the baby from infection

26
Q

Family planning

A

To control the number of children you have you need to control the number of times fertilization takes place

27
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period

28
Q

Artificial methods of contraception

A

Prevent the sperm and egg meeting

29
Q

Inherited characteristics

A

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents. The instructions for these inherited characteristics were carried in the two cells that made you the egg and sperm

30
Q

Chromosomes and genes

A

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called

31
Q

Chromosomes

A

Chromosomes are made of protein + DNA

These chromosomes carry genes

32
Q

Genes

A

Genes are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

33
Q

DNA

A

DNA: (D)eoxyribo(n)ucleic (a)cid

34
Q

Taxonomy

A

is the science of classifying organisms.

35
Q

Classification

A

is the placing of organisms into groups, based on similar characteristics. This simplifies the study of organisms and allow scientists to communicate with each other. The basic unit of classification is the species.

36
Q

A species

A

is a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. (Liger = sterile offspring of a male lion and a female tiger) (A mule is the sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)

37
Q

Variation

A

means the differences in characteristics between members of the same species. Variations can be acquired (‘picked up’ during the life of the organism) e.g. riding a bicycle or inherited (genetic – can be passed on to next generation) e.g. tongue rolling.

38
Q

Natural selection

A

Is the process by which the members of a species who are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce

39
Q

Variation caused by environment

A

Our body fat is caused by how much we eat and how much exercise we do and any hormonal factors

40
Q

Variation caused by inheritance

A

The colour of eyes or hair caused by the genes passed from out parents

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