Biology-Plant Terms

Question 1

Sporophyte

Answer 1

Produces INspores by meiosis, spores grow into gametophytes.

Question 2

Gametophyte

Answer 2

Produces egg and sperm by mitosis, gametes fuse to produce sporophytes.

Question 3

Rhizoid

Answer 3

Anchors plant to ground and absorbs water and mineral from the soil.

Question 4

Antheridium

Answer 4

Sperm producing structure.

Question 5

Bryophyte

Answer 5

Depends on standing water in order to reproduce.

Question 6

Vascular Tissue

Answer 6

Conducts water and minerals throughout the plant.

Question 7

Xylem

Answer 7

Transport system that carries water upward from the roots of every part of a plant.

Question 8

Phloem

Answer 8

Transports solutions of nutrients and carbon hydrates downward toward the roots.

Question 9

Frond

Answer 9

Fern leaf.

Question 10

Seed

Answer 10

An embryo of a plant encased in protective covering and surrounded by a food supply.

Question 11

Embryo

Answer 11

The early stage of development in a plant’s life cycle.

Question 12

Seed Coat

Answer 12

Surrounds and protects the embryo and keeps the contents from drying out.

Question 13

Gymnosperm Seeds

Answer 13

Exposed or “naked” seeds.

Question 14

Flower

Answer 14

The reproductive organs of an angiosperm.

Question 15

Angiosperm

Answer 15

“Enclosed seed.”

Question 16

Ovaries

Answer 16

Surround and protect the seeds.

Question 17

Fruit

Answer 17

Ripe ovaries.

Question 18

Annual

Answer 18

Plant completes life cycle within one growing season.

Question 19

Biennial

Answer 19

Plant completes life cycle within two years; 1st year-germinates, grows roots, sometimes leaves; 2nd year-grows new stems, leaves and seeds.

Question 20

Perennial

Answer 20

Flower plants that live for more than two years.

Question 21

Roots

Answer 21

Absorb and transport water and nutrients throughout the plant, hold plant upright.

Question 22

Stems

Answer 22

Supports and transports nutrients throughout plant, protects plant from predators and surroundings.

Question 23

Leaves

Answer 23

Where photosynthesis takes place, protects tissue from dry air, gas exchange.

Question 24

Sepal

Answer 24

Encloses plant bud before it opens, protects flower during development.

Question 25

Petal

Answer 25

Brightly colored, found inside sepals, attracts pollinating organisms.

Question 26

Stamen

Answer 26

Structure that produces male gametophytes.

Question 27

Carpel/Pistil

Answer 27

Structure that produces female gametophytes

Question 28

Taproots

Answer 28

Roots found in dicots.

Question 29

Fibrous Roots

Answer 29

Roots found in monocots.

Question 30

Photosynthesis

Answer 30

A process where a plant makes its own food by absorbing sunlight and converting it into energy for the plant to use.