Biology - Modules 3 & 4 Flashcards
Q: What is taxonomy?
Q: What is taxonomy?
A: Classifying organisms into hierarchical categories:
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.
Q: What is binomial nomenclature?
Q: What is binomial nomenclature?
A: A system for naming species with a two-part Latin name: the genus name followed by the species name (e.g., Homo sapiens).
Q: What are the five kingdoms of life?
A: M_____, P_______, F____, P______, and A______.
Q: What are the five kingdoms of life?
A: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Q: What distinguishes Monera from other kingdoms?
Q: What distinguishes Monera from other kingdoms?
A: Includes prokaryotic cells with no membrane-bound organelles (e.g., bacteria).
Q: What are key features of the Protista kingdom?
Q: What are key features of the Protista kingdom?
A: Unicellular eukaryotes, such as amoeba and algae, with diverse modes of nutrition.
Q: How do Fungi reproduce?
Q: How do Fungi reproduce?
A: Fungi reproduce both asexually (through spores) and sexually.
Q: What are structural adaptations?
Q: What are structural adaptations?
A: Physical features of an organism that enhance its survival (e.g., beak shape in birds).
Q: What is phylogenetics?
Q: What is phylogenetics?
A: Evolutionary relationships among organisms, often depicted in trees.
Q: What are the three levels of biodiversity?
Q: What are the three levels of biodiversity?
A: Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
Q: Why is biodiversity important?
Essential for the processes that support all life on Earth, including humans.
Q: What methods are used for field surveys?
Q: What methods are used for field surveys?
A: Observing and collecting data on species in their natural habitats.
Q: How are molecular techniques used in studying diversity?
Q: How are molecular techniques used in studying diversity?
A: DNA sequencing, are used to identify species and study evolutionary relationships.
Q: What is a defining feature of plants in the Plantae kingdom?
Q: What is a defining feature of plants in the Plantae kingdom?
A: Plants have chlorophyll and conduct photosynthesis.
Q: How do plants reproduce?
Q: How do plants reproduce?
A: Both asexually (e.g., vegetative propagation) and sexually (e.g., flowers and seeds).
Q: What are common traits of organisms in the Animalia kingdom?
Q: What are common traits of organisms in the Animalia kingdom?
A: Multicellular, consume organic material, and reproduce mostly sexually.
Q: Can you name an example of an invertebrate animal?
Q: Can you name an example of an invertebrate animal?
A: Sponge or an insect.
Define Biodiversity?
The variety of life forms within a given ecosystem, region, or the planet.
Define Genetic diversity?
The variation in genes within a species, allowing populations to adapt to changing environments and helps maintain overall species resilience.
Define Species diversity?
The number of different species in a particular area, both the abundance and the number of different species present.
Define Ecosystem diversity?
The variety of ecosystems within a given place, including the different types of habitats and ecological processes that occur in a region.
Define Functional diversity?
The range of roles that organisms play in an ecosystem, including their interactions within an ecosystem.
Q: What is Random Sampling?
A technique where every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Q: How does Systematic Sampling work?
Involves selecting individuals at regular intervals from a list or spatial arrangement, such as every 10th individual.
Q: What is Stratified Random Sampling?
Involves dividing the population into subgroups based on specific characteristics and then randomly sampling from each group to ensure representation of all subgroups.
Q: What is Cluster Sampling?
Divides the population into clusters, selects a random sample of these clusters, and then surveys all individuals within the chosen clusters.
Q: What is Convenience Sampling?
Involves selecting samples from a group that is easiest to access, which can lead to bias and may not represent the entire population.
Q: Describe Purposive Sampling.
Involves selecting samples based on the researcher’s judgment because they possess specific characteristics relevant to the study.
Q: What is Snowball Sampling used for?
Studying hidden populations. Initial subjects are selected and then asked to refer others who fit the criteria.
Q: What does Quota Sampling involve?
Involves selecting a sample that reflects certain characteristics in proportion to their occurrence in the population, such as ensuring a specific percentage of males or females.
Q: How is Point Sampling conducted?
Involves selecting specific points within a study area and collecting data from those points. It is used to assess species distribution or habitat characteristics.
Q: What is Line Transect Sampling?
Involves collecting data along a line placed across the study area, with observations or measurements made at regular intervals.
Q: How does Quadrat Sampling work?
Marking off a specific area of habitat using a frame and collecting data from within this area to estimate population density and distribution.
