Biology Intro Flashcards
What is the cell theory?
- All living organisms are made of one or more cells
- Cells are the structural and functional units of life
- All cells arise from pre-existing cells
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Provides protection and a fixed environment for the cell. Transports nutrients into the cell and takes wastes out.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
A liquid substance that fills the cell and surrounds the organelle. It allows nutrients and organelles to move in the cell.
What is the function of the nucleus?
It controls and regulates cell activity. Carries the genes and structures of the cell.
What does the nuclear envelope do?
It has pores that allow for the transport of materials
What is the function of the nucleolus?
It produces and assembles ribosomes in the nucleus
What is the function of vacuoles (in plant cells too)?
It stores nutrients, wastes, and other substances used by the cell. In-plant cells the central vacuole swells and firms when water enters the cell.
What do the vesicles do?
They transport substances throughout the cell
What is the function of the mitochondria?
It takes nutrients and breaks them down to supply the cell with energy
The “powerhouse” of the cell
What does the lysosome do?
It breaks down molecules and old cell parts and recycles them to make new cell parts
What does the golgi apparatus do?
Takes proteins from the ER and releases them to the other organelles
What do ribosomes do and where are they found?
They are where proteins are made. They are found attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum or loose in the cytoplasm
What does the cytoskeleton do?
Helps cell maintain shape and organization
What’s the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Makes proteins, and has ribosomes attached to the walls
What’s the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Produces fats and oils, and doesn’t have ribosomes attached
