Biology(Ecology Test) Flashcards
Which biome is the coldest?
Tundra
Which biome has no trees?
Grasslands
What is a group of species living in the same area at the same time?
Population
What are factors that affect the size of a population?
Natural disasters
Humans
Resources
Climate
What are some basic needs that an individual In a population need to survive?
Food, H2O, shelter
What is the study of organisms and their interactions between other organisms and their environment?
Ecology
List the 6 levels of organization
Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere
Who termed the word “Ecology”?
Ernst Haekel
What is an area where an organism lives
Habitat
Ex:tree
The role or position that an organism has in its environment
Niche
Ex:living space
Two abiotic and biotic factors
Biotic- frog and plant
Abiotic-water and temperature
3 types of symbiosis with example
Mutualism- (shark and algae eater)
Commensalism-clownfish and the sea anemone
Parasitism- dogs heart with heart worms
What is the act of one organism consuming another organism for food?
Predation
Contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land, water, and air, or atmosphere
Biosphere
What is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
Species
What is a collection of all organisms that live in a particular place, together with their no living, or physical, environment
Ecosystem
A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities
Biome
Plants and some algae, and certain bacteria can capture energy from: sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food.
Autotrophs
Organic molecules combine and recombine to produce living tissue
Producers
These autotrophs use light energy to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches.
Photosynthesis
Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply are called
Heterotrophs
Obtain energy by eating only plants
Herbivores
Eat animals
Carnivores
Eat both plants and animals
Omnivores
Feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter collectively called detritus
Detritivores
Breaks down organic matter
Decomposers
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
Food chain
Links all the food webs in an ecosystem together
Food web
Each step in a food chain or food web
Tropic level
Total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level
Biomass
Process by which water changes from liquid form to atmospheric gas
Evaporation
The chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life
Nutrients
When bacteria, which live in the soil on the roots of plants called legumes, convert nitrogen gas into ammonia
Nitrogen fixation
When other soil bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas.
Denitrification
Heterotrophs other name
Consumers
States that matter is not created of destroyed
Law of conservation of mass
The orderly and predictable change that takes place after a community or organisms has been removed but the soil has remained intact
Secondary succession
Ex: forest fire, flood, storm
the living factors in an organisms environment
Biotic factors
The no living factor in an organisms environment
Abiotic factors
Occurs when more than one organism uses a resource at the same time
Competition
Ex: drought
What is water in the atmosphere called
Water vapor
What biome has the most diverse organisms?
Tropical rainforest
