Biology: Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates

Question 1

What enzyme is produced by the salivary glands?

Answer 1

salivary amalyse

Question 2

What does salivary amalyse do?

Answer 2

hydrolyses glycosidic bonds in starch to form maltose

Question 3

What enzyme is produced by the pancreas?

Answer 3

pancreatic amalyse

Question 4

What does pancreatic amalyse do?

Answer 4

hydrolyses glycosidic bonds in starch to form maltose

Question 5

What enzyme is produced by the small intestine?

Answer 5

membrane bound disaccharidases

Question 6

What do membrane bound disaccharidases do?

Answer 6

hydrolyses glycosidic bonds in disaccharides (maltose/sucrose/lactose) to form monosaccharides (glucose/fructose/galactose)

Question 7

What does maltase do?

Answer 7

catalyses hydrolysis of maltose into alpha glucose molecules

Question 8

What does sucrase do?

Answer 8

catalyses hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose

Question 9

What does lactase do?

Answer 9

catalyses hydrolysis of lactose into glucose and galactose

Question 10

How is glucose absorbed by the small intestine?

Answer 10

-sodium ions actively transported out of epithelial and into blood by sodium-potassium pump -concentration gradient of sodium ions maintained
-sodium ions diffuse out of ileum into epithelial via sodium-glucose co-transporter
-glucose enters with sodium
-high glucose concentration in epithelial than blood
-glucose diffuses down gradient via channel protein in facilitated diffusion