Biology: CRED Test

Question 1

Artery

Answer 1

A large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Question 2

Capillary

Answer 2

The smallest blood vessel

Question 3

Vein

Answer 3

Blood vessel that returns blood to the heart

Question 4

Hemoglobin

Answer 4

Protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen from lungs to the tissues of the body

Question 5

Atherosclerosis

Answer 5

Condition in which plaque builds up on the inner walls of the arteries

Question 6

Pacemaker

Answer 6

Small group of cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium that set the pace for the heart

Question 7

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 7

Pathway of circulation between the heart and the lungs

Question 8

Systemic circulation

Answer 8

Pathway of circulation between the heart and the rest of the body (not including the lungs)

Question 9

Myocardium

Answer 9

Thick layer of muscle in the heart that pumps blood through the circulatory system

Question 10

Atrium

Answer 10

The upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle

Question 11

Ventricle

Answer 11

The lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart

Question 12

Valve

Answer 12

Flap of connective tissue between an atrium and a ventricle that prevents back-flow of blood

Question 13

Lymphocyte

Answer 13

A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies to destroy pathogens

Question 14

Platelette

Answer 14

A cell fragment that helps blood to clot

Question 15

Pharynx

Answer 15

Muscular tube that connects the mouth with the rest of the digestive tract and serves as a passageway for air and food

Question 16

Larynx

Answer 16

Structure in the throat containing the vocal cords.

Question 17

Trachea

Answer 17

Tube through which air moves

Question 18

Bronchus

Answer 18

Passageway leading from the trachea to the lungs

Question 19

Alveolus

Answer 19

Air sack at the end of a bronchiole that provides surface area for gas exchange to occur

Question 20

Calorie

Answer 20

Measurement of energy stored in food

Question 21

Peristalsis

Answer 21

Muscular contractions that squeeze food through the esophagus into the stomach

Question 22

Amylase

Answer 22

Enzyme that breaks the chemical bonds in starches

Question 23

Esophagus

Answer 23

Tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

Question 24

Stomach

Answer 24

Large muscular sack that continues the mechanical and chemical digestion of food

Question 25

Chyme

Answer 25

A mixture of stomach fluids and food produced in the stomach

Question 26

Small intestine

Answer 26

Organ in which most chemical digestion takes place

Question 27

Pancreas

Answer 27

A gland that produces hormones that regulate blood sugar, enzymes that break down major macromolecules, and sodium bicarbonate

Question 28

Nephron

Answer 28

Blood filtering unit in the kidney

Question 29

Villus

Answer 29

Folded projections that increases surface area of the walls of the small intestine

Question 30

Large Intestine

Answer 30

The organ that removes water from undigested materials

Question 31

Kidney

Answer 31

Organ that removes waste products from the blood

Question 32

Ureter

Answer 32

Tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

Question 33

Urinary Bladder

Answer 33

Area of urine storage

Question 34

Loop of Henle

Answer 34

Section of the nephron tubule that conserves water and minimizes the volume of urine

Question 35

Glomerulus

Answer 35

Where the filtration of blood takes place in a nephron

Question 36

What are the three parts of the circulatory system?

Answer 36

Heart, blood vessels, and blood