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Y9 MID > Biology - Conor > Flashcards

Biology - Conor Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is DNA arranged in

A

A double helix structure

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2
Q

Where is the DNA found

A

In the nucleus of cells

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3
Q

What is the male sex cell

A

Sperm cell

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4
Q

What is the female sex cell

A

Egg cell

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5
Q

What is a gene

A

A gene is a section of chromosomes that decide a specific characterisctic of an organism

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6
Q

What is a dominant allele

A

A allele that is shown even if there is only one of them

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7
Q

What is a recessive allele

A

A allele that only appears if there both alleles are the same

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8
Q

What are homozygeous alleles

A

Alleles that are the same

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9
Q

What are heterozygeous alleles

A

Different alleles

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10
Q

What sex cromosomes do males have

A

XY

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11
Q

What sex chromosomes do Females have

A

XX

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12
Q

What is the name for when a sperm cell and egg cell meet

A

Fertilisation

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13
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

DeoxyRibonecleic acid

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14
Q

How many chromosomes does a sperm cell have

A

23

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15
Q

How many chromosomes does a egg cell have

A

23

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16
Q

How many chromosomes does a skin cell have

A

46

17
Q

How many forms of each gene do we enherit

A

2

18
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane

A

It controls what enteres and leaves the cell

19
Q

What is the function of the nucleus

A

Holds the DNA

20
Q

What does GMO stand for

A

Geneticaly Modified Organism

21
Q

What can be used to predict the genotype of offspring

A

Punnet square

22
Q

What is a genotype

A

The genetic makeup of an organism

23
Q

What are phenotypes

A

Orservable trates or characteristics of an organism

24
Q

What is the role of chromosomes

A

That contain the genes

25
Q

What is a dependant variable

A

The thing you measure

26
Q

What is a dependant variable

A

The thing you change to see what happens

27
Q

What is a control variable

A

Something you keep the same to keep a fair test

28
Q

What is selective breeding

A

When two parents with desirable characteristics are breed together to get a ofspring with the same disirable characteristics

29
Q

Give two advantages of selective breeding

A

Increased yield/food from crops and animals
Resistance against diseases
House pets can be made softer

30
Q

Give two disadvantages of selective breeding

A

Selective breeding can lead to inbreeding
Smaller gene pool makes it more likely that one disease could affect them all

Y9 MID (8 decks)

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