biology chp 4

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

smallest unit that can carry out all activities associated with life

Question 2

cells are

Answer 2

building blocks of complex multicellular organisms

Question 3

cell theory

Answer 3

a unifying concept

Question 4

cell size and shape are adapted to

Answer 4

function

Question 5

blank and white blood cells change shape as they move

Answer 5

amoebas

Question 6

rectangular epithelial cells

Answer 6

stack like building blocks to form sheet like tissues

Question 7

first described cells in 1665 using a microscope that he had made

Answer 7

robert hooke

Question 8

discovered bacteria, protists, blood cells, and sperm cells with small lenses that he made

Answer 8

antonie van leeuwenhoek

Question 9

Dna is located in a

Answer 9

nucleoid

Question 10

bacteria and archaea are

Answer 10

prokaryotic cells

Question 11

eukaryotic cells

Answer 11

characterizedby lightly organized and specialized membrane enclosed organelles

Question 12

cytoplasm

Answer 12

part of the cell outside the nucleus

Question 13

cytoskeleton

Answer 13

allows a larger size than prokaryotes

Question 14

nucleus

Answer 14

control center of the cell

Question 15

nuclear envelope

Answer 15

double membrane that seperates nuclear contents from the cytoplasm

Question 16

nuclear pores

Answer 16

regulate passage of materials between nucleoplasm and cytoplasm

Question 17

nuclear lamina

Answer 17

helps organize nuclear contents dna duplication and regulating the cell cycle

Question 18

include genes that contain coded instructions for protein production

Answer 18

dna molecules

Question 19

dna associates with rna and certain proteins

Answer 19

chromatim

Question 20

the nucleus of each human cell has how many chromosomes

Answer 20

46

Question 21

organells found free in cytoplasm or attached to certain membranes

Answer 21

ribosomes

Question 22

a network of organelles that exchanged materials through small membrane enclosed transport vesicles

Answer 22

endomembrane system

Question 23

synthesizes lipids and breaks down toxins

Answer 23

smooth er

Question 24

synthesizes secreted and membrane proteins

Answer 24

rough er

Question 25

the golgi complez consist of stacks of flattended membraneous sacs called

Answer 25

cisterane

Question 26

processes, sorts, and modifies proteins

Answer 26

golgi complex

Question 27

golgi stack three areas

Answer 27

cis face- entry surface trans face- exit surface medial region- in between

Question 28

compartments for digestion

Answer 28

lysosomes

Question 29

large fluid filled sacs with a variety of functions

Answer 29

vacuoles

Question 30

membrane of the vacuole

Answer 30

tonoplast

Question 31

metabolize small organic compounds

Answer 31

peroxisomes

Question 32

energy converting organelles

Answer 32

mitochondria and chloroplast

Question 33

convert light energy to chemical energy via photosynthesis

Answer 33

chloroplast

Question 34

green pigment that traps light energy for photosynthesis

Answer 34

chlorophyll

Question 35

composed of microtubules

Answer 35

cilia and flagella