Biology Chapter 6 (WEBQUEST) Flashcards
What are the seven web quest topics?
Tropical Rain forest, Global Warming, Fossil Fuels and air pollution, population bomb, environment and human health, water pollution, future of energy
Which web quest topic has the biggest effect on everything else?
Population Bomb
Low dose Extrapolation
Predicting how low dose exposure risk will affect humans from high exposure high risk data. Does include experimenting on animals.
Threshold dose
The lowest dose needed to have an actual effect on an organism
Animal Model
In research, an animal whose behavior is used to derive principles that may apply to human behavior
-Mouse, rat, rabbit
Biological magnification
When pesticides move up the food chain, they become more effective/stronger.
Effects of pesticides
They kill plants/pest.
-Harm ecosystems, can harm humans
-Broad spectrum ones kill more than needed
Different pesticides
rodenticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, bactericides
Pyrethrins versus pyrethriods
Pyrethrins are a flower, pyrethroids are man made, both are pesticides.
Pesticide resistance and how to fix it
when a pest builds up an immunity to a chemical so it becomes less effective
Rotating pesticides
GMO
genetically modified organisms- higher productivity, no effects on humans
-we don’t know ALL of the possible affects yet
Integrated pest management
process of using natural resources for growing crops
Pesticide versus Herbicide
Pesticide is a general term, herbicide is one type
-They are both used to keep different pests away
Broad versus Narrow Spectrum Pesticides
Broad spectrum affects anything in an area, Narrow affects just one thing.
Large Scale farming
less manual labor, cheaper, less biodiversity, longer travel of food
Small Scale farming
more manual labor, more expansive, better quality, better options, more natural
3 goals of sustainable agriculture
environmental health, economic probability, social/economic equity
Aquifer
flows through rock, beneath the watershed
Where does groundwater come from
the water cycle, precipitation, seeps through the ground in aquifers
-Water is decreasing mainly due to over pumping
Confined Aquifers
Deep underground, harder to get to, cleaner and more filtered water
Unconfined Aquifers
Not as deep, easy and less expensive, can get polluted, needs a pump
Surface versus groundwater
Surface water is more city water, has more additives, Kalamazoo uses groundwater with less additives.
Watershed
The main source of water in an area, runoff generally ends up here.
What is polluting the Kalamazoo river?
Hardness (not actually considered a problem though), PCB, arsenic, lead, fertilizers/pesticides
Point source versus non point source pollution
If you can define the exact point that the pollution comes from it is point source.
Where is PBC from?
Paper mills
EPA superfund sites
a site which the EPA determined contaminated which will then undergo treatment and evaluations
What can be done about water pollution in the Kalamazoo river?
less small pollution, don’t bury waste, no dams/irrigation systems, plant more, fix piping, monitor hydraulic fracking
How will reducing pollution affect economies?
Making less cars could bring down car making industries and their workers. Producing safer cars could become a new industry.
Def of global warming
An increase of the earth’s atmospheric temperature which causes changes in climate
**NOT climate change
What causes global warming?
Gases trapped inside the atmosphere hold in heat (infrared radiation)
MOSTLY CAUSED BY HUMAN ACTIVITY
What are some affects of global warming?
biodiversity loss, temperature changes, land shifts
Paris agreement
International agreement to stop pollution
Mostly signed by developed countries
Crop line shiffting
When the area in which a certain crop grows climate changes because of global warming
Who is affected by, and who causes global warming?
Developing countries, developed countries cause most of the pollution
How can we fix Global warming
Act as soon a s possible, developed nations stop emitting CO2, evacuate island nations
What are the causes of tropical rain forest destruction?
Jobs such as cattle ranching, logging, and farming and overpopulation
Slash and Burn Farming
Cut trees then burn area for planting crops or growing cattle
Why is slash and burn farming “effective”
It causes the nutrients to go back into the poor soil and creates space to farm/ranch.
How long can slash and burn farming work?
Only a few cycles
Agroforestry
Form of sustainable agriculture where plants are left in soil
What is the most bio diverse ecosystem on earth
The tropical rainforest
What should be done about rain forest destruction?
Different focus of economy such as eco paper making
What are some sustainable energy forms?
Wind, Hydroelectric, Supplemental, Nuclear, Solar
Nuclear Energy
Using Uranium, isotope 235
What are the best forms of energy
Wind and solar
What are the three types of hydroelectric energy?
Impound- Dams
Diversion- natural water patterns
Pump Storage facility- open-close-loop
What is the population Bomb?
exponential growth of population faster than the resources.
Who are three historical figures related to Population bomb?
Thomas Malthus
Hans Rosaling
Paul Erich
Who wrote the population Bomb
Paul Erich and his wife
Who beilived in 100% child survival?
Hans Rosaling
Who believed that the lower class was responsible, and in survival of the fittest
Thomas Malthas
What is earths carrying capacity
9-10 billion
-it is currently 8 billion
What does over population cause?
global warming, pollution, habitat loss, possible 6th mass extinction, resource loss
What causes overpopulation?
global warming, pollution, habitat loss, possible 6th mass extinction, resource loss
Famine
In dense urban environments diseases spread quicker and people are in a much less clean environment
What are the three biggest fossil fuels and what are they used for?
Coal- electricity
Natural gas- factory use
Petroleum- transportation
What are the six main air pollutatnts
- Carbon Monoxide
- Lead
- Nitrous Oxide
- Ground Level O-zone
- Particulate Matter
- Sulfur Dioxide
What are the 4 types of coal
-Anthracite- 107$
-Bituminous- 61$
-Subbituminous- 14$
-Lignite- 20$
Where does Natural gas come from?
Under earths surface
Pros and Cons of natural gas
non renewable, flammable, climate change, methane leaks less CO2, cheaper
What is petroleum?
When processed becomes crude oil, often liquid, found underground
Pros and Cons of Petroleum
Expensive, unsustainable, bad for earth supports jobs, easy to get
What is the most dangerous air pollutant?
Nitrogen Dioxide
