Biology Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the metric system
a system of mesurement where each incrament is 10 times bigger than the last
Metric prefixes and order
kilo
hecto
deka
BASE
deci
centi
milli
How to find the margin of error
meters- + or - 5
liters- + or - 1
how to translate metric system to inches/yards etc.
EX: 6.43m to in (1 m = 39.37)
6.43 * 39.37 =253
Sig Figs
any integer other than zero except when it is surrounded by sigfigs or at the end of the number
When should you use sig figs
ANY scientific measurement
meniscus
the slight dip in a liquid observed in a volumetric flask
Celcius to Farenhieght
F = (9/5C) + 32
Farenhieght to Celcius
C = 5/9 (F-32)
Celcius to Kelvin
K = C + 273
Controlled Experiment
an experiment where only one variable is tested at a time
Responding Variable
the variable that is observed and that changes in response to the manipulated variable
Theory
well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
Homeostasis
the process by which organisms must keep internal conditions, such as temperature and water content, fairly constant to survive
Why does our earth not overheat?
Homeostasis and water, water doesn’t change temperature quickly so the oceans regulate the temperature of the earth.
Induction versus deduction
Induction is reasoning from an example to a general population (generalizing), deduction is the opposite
What are the 5 types of reasoning?
Innate, revelation, paranormal, dogmatism => non scientific
Empiricism => scientific
Innate
gut feeling
revelation
“It came to me in a dream”
paranormal
tea leaves, crystals, etc.
dogmatism
religion or folklore
Empiricism
beliefs based on knowledge from practical observation
Science definition
Science is the process of going from an empirical question to an answer and back to another question.
what are the components of a scientific experiment
control group and ONE variable
accuracy
nearness of a measurement to an expected value
precision
nearness of a measurement to other data.
When measuring what is the number of sig figs you should have?
all the certain digits + the first uncertain
What are the two types of error?
Random (equal chance of being above or below expected value, why we repeat experiments)
Systematic (problem with your tools
can graduated cylinders contain and dispense?
Yes, depending on their marking
